Difference between revisions of "1944"

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==Events==
 
==Events==
 
===January===
 
===January===
*[[January 11]]: Allied airplanes bombard the harbour of [[Piraeus]].
+
*[[January 11]]: Allied airplanes bombard the harbour of [[Piraeus]], destroying much of the city centre and killing 5,500 civilians.  
*[[January 21]]: Four units of the [[Hellenic Navy]] take part in the landing at Anzio.
+
*[[January 21]]: Four units of the [[Hellenic Navy]] ("Crete", "Themistocles", "Chios" and "Samos") take part in the landing at Anzio.
 
*[[January 26]]: 43 Greeks are executed outside [[Kozani]] by the occupation forces.
 
*[[January 26]]: 43 Greeks are executed outside [[Kozani]] by the occupation forces.
 +
 
===February===
 
===February===
 +
*[[February 12]]: The Norwegian steamship "Oria" sinks off the coast of [[Patroklos island]], causing the death of 4,095 Italian prisoners of war, 21 Greeks and 15 Germans. This is the worst maritime disaster in the Mediterranean Sea.
 
*[[February 29]]: Greek resistance movements [[EDES]], [[EAM]] and [[EKKA]] sign a cooperation pact at Plaka, [[Epirus]].
 
*[[February 29]]: Greek resistance movements [[EDES]], [[EAM]] and [[EKKA]] sign a cooperation pact at Plaka, [[Epirus]].
  
 
===March===
 
===March===
 
*[[March 10]]: The [[Political Committee of National Liberation]] (the "government of the mountains") is formed at [[Viniani]], [[Evritania prefecture]]. [[Evripidis Bakirtzis]] is sworn in as Prime Minister.
 
*[[March 10]]: The [[Political Committee of National Liberation]] (the "government of the mountains") is formed at [[Viniani]], [[Evritania prefecture]]. [[Evripidis Bakirtzis]] is sworn in as Prime Minister.
 +
*[[March 30]]: Warrant Officer, Sotiris Skantzikas, is one of 50 POWs executed by the Germans after "The Great Escape" from Stalag Luft III.
  
 
===April===
 
===April===
 +
*[[April 1]]: Leftist officers and troops of the Greek 1st Brigade revolt in [[Alexandria]].
 +
*[[April 3]]: 30 Greeks, under Lt. Col. Andreas Kalinskis, liberate Greek prisoners held by the Germans in [[Mytilene]]. Six Germans are killed in the operation.
 +
*[[April 4]]: The village of [[Drosopigi]] in [[Florina prefecture]], [[Macedonia]], Greece, is totally destroyed by German occupation troops.
 
*[[April 5]]: 270 Greeks are executed in the village of [[Kleisoura (Kastoria)]], by the German occupation forces, in retaliation for the killing of two German soldiers in the area.
 
*[[April 5]]: 270 Greeks are executed in the village of [[Kleisoura (Kastoria)]], by the German occupation forces, in retaliation for the killing of two German soldiers in the area.
 +
*[[April 5]]: [[Hellenic Navy]] crew members join the revolt in [[Alexandria]].
 
*[[April 17]]: Communist resistance group [[ELAS]] attack and annihilate [[EKKA]], a republican resistance group. EKKA leader, [[Dimitrios Psaros]], is captured and executed.
 
*[[April 17]]: Communist resistance group [[ELAS]] attack and annihilate [[EKKA]], a republican resistance group. EKKA leader, [[Dimitrios Psaros]], is captured and executed.
 
*[[April 18]]: [[Alexandros Svolos]] replaces [[Evripidis Bakirtzis]] as head of the [[Political Committee of National Liberation]] (the government of the mountains).
 
*[[April 18]]: [[Alexandros Svolos]] replaces [[Evripidis Bakirtzis]] as head of the [[Political Committee of National Liberation]] (the government of the mountains).
 +
*[[April 23]]: The revolt of Greek leftist troops in [[Alexandria]] is put down by force.
 
*[[April 24]]: 318 Greeks are killed by German occupation troops in [[Pyrgos (Kozani)|Pyrgos]], [[Kozani prefecture]]. 180 of them were burned alive.
 
*[[April 24]]: 318 Greeks are killed by German occupation troops in [[Pyrgos (Kozani)|Pyrgos]], [[Kozani prefecture]]. 180 of them were burned alive.
 
*[[April 26]]: Greek guerrilas and British commandos kidnap Gen. Heinrich Kreipe, commander of the German garrison of [[Crete]].
 
*[[April 26]]: Greek guerrilas and British commandos kidnap Gen. Heinrich Kreipe, commander of the German garrison of [[Crete]].
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*[[May 1]]: 200 Greek patriots are executed by the Nazis at [[Kaisariani]].
 
*[[May 1]]: 200 Greek patriots are executed by the Nazis at [[Kaisariani]].
 
*[[May 4]]: The village of [[Saktouria]] in [[Rethymno prefecture]], [[Crete]], is totally destroyed by German occupation troops.
 
*[[May 4]]: The village of [[Saktouria]] in [[Rethymno prefecture]], [[Crete]], is totally destroyed by German occupation troops.
 +
*[[May 4]]: The village of [[Margarikari]] in [[Heraklio prefecture]], [[Crete]], is totally destroyed by German occupation troops.
 
*[[May 9]]: 10 Greeks are hanged by the German occupation forces at [[Psila Alonia]], [[Achaea prefecture]]. Several were members of the resistance group [[EAM]].
 
*[[May 9]]: 10 Greeks are hanged by the German occupation forces at [[Psila Alonia]], [[Achaea prefecture]]. Several were members of the resistance group [[EAM]].
 +
*[[May 16]]: Sixteen inhabitants of the village of [[Saktouria]] in [[Rethymno prefecture]], [[Crete]], are executed by German occupation troops.
 
*[[May 17]]: The Greek government-in-exile meets with representatives of the various guerrila movements in Lebanon.
 
*[[May 17]]: The Greek government-in-exile meets with representatives of the various guerrila movements in Lebanon.
  
 
===June===
 
===June===
 
*[[June 10]]: German occupation troops execute 218 Greeks in [[Distomo]], [[Boeotia prefecture]].
 
*[[June 10]]: German occupation troops execute 218 Greeks in [[Distomo]], [[Boeotia prefecture]].
 +
*[[June 17]]: German occupation troops destroy [[Ypati]], [[Phthiotis prefecture]] after executing 28 inhabitants.
 +
 +
===July===
 +
*[[July 11]]: [[Lela Karayianni]], leader of resistance group "Bouboulina" is captured by the Germans.
 +
 
===August===
 
===August===
 
*[[August 11]]: The Greek 3rd mountain brigade lands in Taranto, Italy.
 
*[[August 11]]: The Greek 3rd mountain brigade lands in Taranto, Italy.
 +
*[[August 13]]: German troops destroy the village of [[Anogia]], [[Crete]].
 +
*[[August 17]]: German troops execute 148 Greeks in [[Kokkinia]], [[Piraeus]].
 +
*[[August 21]]: German troops destroy the village of [[Damasta]], [[Crete]], after executing 30 inhabitants.
  
 
===September===
 
===September===
 +
*[[September 5]]: 50 Greeks are executed at [[Kesariani]] by German occupation troops.
 
*[[September 8]]: [[Lela Karayianni]], leader of the "Bouboulina" resistance movement, is executed by the Germans.  
 
*[[September 8]]: [[Lela Karayianni]], leader of the "Bouboulina" resistance movement, is executed by the Germans.  
*[[September 15]]: [[ELAS]] Guerrilas attack and capture [[Meligala]], [[Messinia]]. Atrocities follow.
+
*[[September 14]]: German forces execute 114 residents of [[Giannitsa]].
 +
*[[September 15]]: [[ELAS]] guerrilas attack and capture [[Meligala]], [[Messinia]]. Atrocities follow with as many as 1,450 dead.
 
*[[September 21]]: The Greek 3rd mountain brigade enters Rimini after defeating its German defenders.
 
*[[September 21]]: The Greek 3rd mountain brigade enters Rimini after defeating its German defenders.
 
*[[September 26]]: [[EAM]]/[[ELAS]] and [[EDES]] agree in Caserta, Italy, to place their men under the command of British Maj. Gen. Ronald Skobie.
 
*[[September 26]]: [[EAM]]/[[ELAS]] and [[EDES]] agree in Caserta, Italy, to place their men under the command of British Maj. Gen. Ronald Skobie.
 +
*[[September 27]]: The Greek 3rd mountain brigade crosses the Rubicon.
  
 
===October===
 
===October===
 +
*[[October 7]]: 300 Greek Jews lead 150 others in a revolt at the Auschwitz concentration camp. Nearly all are killed in the ensuing fight against the German guards.
 +
*[[October 7]]: The first British troops land in the [[Peloponnese]].
 
*[[October 12]]: The WWII German occupying forces move out of Athens.
 
*[[October 12]]: The WWII German occupying forces move out of Athens.
 
*[[October 17]]: The Greek government-in-exile boards the [[Battleship Georgios Averof]] for the return trip to [[Athens]].
 
*[[October 17]]: The Greek government-in-exile boards the [[Battleship Georgios Averof]] for the return trip to [[Athens]].
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*[[October 28]]:  German soldiers, while on retreat, sabotage and destroy the [[Papadia Bridge|bridge of Papadia]], and the tunnel and [[Brallos Bridge|bridge of Brallos]].
 
*[[October 28]]:  German soldiers, while on retreat, sabotage and destroy the [[Papadia Bridge|bridge of Papadia]], and the tunnel and [[Brallos Bridge|bridge of Brallos]].
 
*[[October 30]]: [[Thessaloniki]] is liberated from the German [[World War II]] occupying forces
 
*[[October 30]]: [[Thessaloniki]] is liberated from the German [[World War II]] occupying forces
 +
 
===November===
 
===November===
*[[November 3]]: A 100 billion [[drachma]] note is put into circulation - the largest denomination of currency ever in Greece.
+
*[[November 3]]: A 100 billion [[drachma]] note is put into circulation - the largest denomination of currency ever issued in Greece.
 
*[[November 28]]: PM [[Georgios Papandreou]] calls for the dissolution of all guerrila movements by December 10.
 
*[[November 28]]: PM [[Georgios Papandreou]] calls for the dissolution of all guerrila movements by December 10.
  
 
===December===
 
===December===
*[[December 1]]: Gen. Ronald Scobie issues a proclamation calling for the disolution of the [[National Popular Liberation Army]] (ELAS). His call will go unheeded.
+
*[[December 1]]: Gen. Ronald Scobie issues a proclamation calling for the dissolution of the [[National Popular Liberation Army]] (ELAS). His call will go unheeded.
 +
*[[December 2]]: Five leftist Ministers of the [[Georgios Papandreou|Papandreou]] government resign in protest at Gen. Scobie's call for the dissolution of the [[National Popular Liberation Army]] (ELAS).
 +
*[[December 3]]: Members and supporters of the leftist [[EAM]]/[[ELAS]] demonstrate in [[Constitution Square]], [[Athens]]. Police fire on the demonstrators killing 28 of them.
 
*[[December 4]]: Communist organisation [[ELAS]] and nationalist [[Organisation X]] battle at [[Theseum]] for control of [[Athens]].
 
*[[December 4]]: Communist organisation [[ELAS]] and nationalist [[Organisation X]] battle at [[Theseum]] for control of [[Athens]].
 +
*[[December 21]]: Three [[ELAS]] divisions attack [[EDES]] at their stronghold in [[Epirus]].
 +
*[[December 22]]: The High Command of [[EDES]] orders its forces to retreat to [[Preveza]].
 
*[[December 24]]: Sir Winston Churchill arrives in [[Athens]] in an attempt to resolve the political crisis between [[EAM]] and the re-instated Greek government of [[Georgios Papandreou]].
 
*[[December 24]]: Sir Winston Churchill arrives in [[Athens]] in an attempt to resolve the political crisis between [[EAM]] and the re-instated Greek government of [[Georgios Papandreou]].
 
*[[December 27]]:  PM [[Georgios Papandreou]] submits his resignation in the midst of the post-[[World War II]] [[December crisis]] ("Δεκεμβριανά"). Winston Churchill leaves [[Athens]] for London.
 
*[[December 27]]:  PM [[Georgios Papandreou]] submits his resignation in the midst of the post-[[World War II]] [[December crisis]] ("Δεκεμβριανά"). Winston Churchill leaves [[Athens]] for London.
 +
*[[December 28]]: British ships start to evacuate the remnants of [[Napoleon Zervas]]' [[EDES]] forces off the Greek mainland to the island of [[Corfu]].
 +
*[[December 30]]: [[Epirus]] comes under the full control of [[ELAS]].
  
 
==Births==
 
==Births==
 
===January===
 
===January===
 
*[[January 9]]: [[Michalis Violaris]], popular singer
 
*[[January 9]]: [[Michalis Violaris]], popular singer
 +
*[[January 31]]: [[Christodoulos Pasiardis]], Defence Minister of [[Cyprus]]
 +
 
===March===
 
===March===
 
*[[March 14]]: [[Mariza Koch]], singer
 
*[[March 14]]: [[Mariza Koch]], singer
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===June===
 
===June===
 
*[[June 21]]: [[Corinna Tsopei]], Miss Universe of [[1964]].
 
*[[June 21]]: [[Corinna Tsopei]], Miss Universe of [[1964]].
 +
*[[June 21]]: [[Beba Blanche]], singer
  
 
===October===
 
===October===
 
*[[October 7]]: [[Nikos Dadinopoulos]], actor
 
*[[October 7]]: [[Nikos Dadinopoulos]], actor
 +
*[[October 19]]: [[Vasilis Botinos]], footballer
 +
 
===November===
 
===November===
 
*[[November 1]]: [[Sergio Markarian]], football coach
 
*[[November 1]]: [[Sergio Markarian]], football coach
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==Deaths==
 
==Deaths==
 +
===January===
 +
*[[January 7]]: [[Napoleon Lapathiotis]], poet (suicide)
 +
===April===
 +
*[[April 17]]: [[Dimitrios Psaros]], resistance leader
 +
===July===
 +
*[[July 31]]: [[Anestos Delias]], [[rebetiko]] musician
 +
 +
===August===
 +
*[[August 29]]: [[Attik]], songwriter
 +
===September===
 +
*[[September 8]]: [[Lela Karayianni]], leader of the "Bouboulina" resistance movement
 
===November===
 
===November===
 
*[[November 12]]: [[Tellos Agras (poet)|Tellos Agras]], poet.
 
*[[November 12]]: [[Tellos Agras (poet)|Tellos Agras]], poet.
 
 
===December===
 
===December===
 
*[[December 3]]: [[Prince Andrew of Greece]], in Monaco where he had been exiled.
 
*[[December 3]]: [[Prince Andrew of Greece]], in Monaco where he had been exiled.

Revision as of 20:47, January 19, 2019

Liberated Athenians greet British soldiers in Athens

Events

January

  • January 11: Allied airplanes bombard the harbour of Piraeus, destroying much of the city centre and killing 5,500 civilians.
  • January 21: Four units of the Hellenic Navy ("Crete", "Themistocles", "Chios" and "Samos") take part in the landing at Anzio.
  • January 26: 43 Greeks are executed outside Kozani by the occupation forces.

February

  • February 12: The Norwegian steamship "Oria" sinks off the coast of Patroklos island, causing the death of 4,095 Italian prisoners of war, 21 Greeks and 15 Germans. This is the worst maritime disaster in the Mediterranean Sea.
  • February 29: Greek resistance movements EDES, EAM and EKKA sign a cooperation pact at Plaka, Epirus.

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Births

January

March

April

June

October

November

December

Deaths

January

April

July

August

September

November

December