Difference between revisions of "Communist Party of Greece"

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{{Politics of Greece}}
 
{{Politics of Greece}}
The '''Communist Party of Greece''', better known by its acronym '''ΚΚΕ''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, ''Kommunistiko Komma Elladas''), is the major [[communist]] party in [[Greece]].
+
The '''Communist Party of Greece''', better known by its acronym '''ΚΚΕ''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, ''Kommunistiko Komma Elladas''), is the major communist party in [[Greece]].
  
 
[[Image:kke_sima.png|150px|Party logo]]
 
[[Image:kke_sima.png|150px|Party logo]]
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==History==
 
==History==
 
===Foundation===
 
===Foundation===
It was founded on [[4 November]] [[1918]] as the ''Socialist Labour Party of Greece'' or ''SEKE'' (Greek: Σοσιαλιστικό Εργατικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Sosialistiko Ergatiko Komma Elladas) by [[Avraam Benaroya]], a Greek Jewish teacher. The party was run by a five-member central committee which included N. Dimitratos, D. Ligdopoulos, M. Sideris, Arvanitis and Kokkinos.  
+
It was founded on [[November 4]], [[1918]] as the ''Socialist Labour Party of Greece'' or ''SEKE'' (Greek: Σοσιαλιστικό Εργατικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Sosialistiko Ergatiko Komma Elladas) by [[Avraam Benaroya]], a Greek Jewish teacher. The party was run by a five-member central committee which included Nikolaos Dimitratos, D. Ligdopoulos, M. Sideris, Arvanitis and Kokkinos.  
  
At the Second Congress of the SEKE in April 1920, the party decided to affiliate to the [[Third International]]. In addition, it extended its name to Socialist Labour Party of Greece-Communist or SEKE-K. A new central committee was elected, which included N. and P. Dimitratos, Y. Kordatos, G. Doumas and M. Sideris.
+
At the Second Congress of the SEKE in April 1920, the party decided to affiliate to the Third International. In addition, it extended its name to Socialist Labour Party of Greece-Communist or SEKE-K. A new central committee was elected, which included N. and P. Dimitratos, Y. Kordatos, G. Doumas and M. Sideris.
  
At the Third Extraordinary Congress of the SEKE-K in November [[1924]], the party was renamed the Communist Party of Greece and adopted the principles of [[Marxism-Leninism]]. It has been functioning ever since on the basis of "[[democratic centralism]]".
+
At the Third Extraordinary Congress of the SEKE-K in November [[1924]], the party was renamed the Communist Party of Greece and adopted the principles of Marxism-Leninism. It has been functioning ever since on the basis of "democratic centralism".
  
 
With a few exceptions it was banned from [[1918]] to [[1974]].
 
With a few exceptions it was banned from [[1918]] to [[1974]].
 
 
  
 
===German Occupation===
 
===German Occupation===
During the [[Germany|German]] occupation of Greece during [[World War II]], the Communists together with other parts of the Greek Left formed a resistance army called the National People's Liberation Army (in Greek the ''Ethnikos Laikos Apeleftherotikos Stratos'' or ELAS), which by [[1944]] controlled three-fifths of the country. At the end of the war fighting broke out between ELAS and Greek government backed by the [[Britain|British]] army. Following a cease fire agreement known as Barkiza pact, ELAS laid down arms with the idea of a political process. The disarmament of ELAS trigged a mass purges, percecutions and assasinations of communists and leftists. This led to the [[Hellenic Civil War]] which lasted until [[1949]] and ended with the defeat of the Democratic Army.
+
During the German occupation of Greece during [[World War II]], the Communists together with other parts of the Greek Left formed a resistance army called the National People's Liberation Army (in Greek the ''Ethnikos Laikos Apeleftherotikos Stratos'' or [[ELAS]]), which by [[1944]] controlled three-fifths of the country. At the end of the war fighting broke out between ELAS and Greek government backed by the British army. Following a cease fire agreement known as [[Varkiza pact]], ELAS laid down arms with the idea of a political process. The disarmament of ELAS triggered mass purges, percecutions and assasinations of communists and leftists. This led to the [[Hellenic Civil War]] which lasted until [[1949]] and ended with the defeat of the [[Democratic Army of Greece|Democratic Army]].
  
 
===Split===
 
===Split===
On 1968 a small group  slit from KKE, forming the so-called "KKE esoterikou" (known as the KKE Interior) following a [[Eurocommunist]] line.  
+
On [[February 18]], [[1968]] a small group  split from KKE, forming the so-called "KKE esoterikou" (known as the [[KKE Interior]]) and following a Eurocommunist line.
  
 
===Legalisation===
 
===Legalisation===
 +
[[Image:KKE-d_05.jpg|thumb|250px|KKE was legalized September of [[1974]]]]
 
After the restoration of democracy in [[1974]], the KKE appeared in the first elections together with the KKE Interior and the EDA under the name ''United Left'' (Greek: ''Enomeni Aristera'', ''Ενωμένη Αριστερά''), receiving 9.36% of the vote. This first form could be hardly considered a coalition though, and from 1977 to 1989, the KKE appeared by itself in all elections, receiving usually around 10% of the vote.
 
After the restoration of democracy in [[1974]], the KKE appeared in the first elections together with the KKE Interior and the EDA under the name ''United Left'' (Greek: ''Enomeni Aristera'', ''Ενωμένη Αριστερά''), receiving 9.36% of the vote. This first form could be hardly considered a coalition though, and from 1977 to 1989, the KKE appeared by itself in all elections, receiving usually around 10% of the vote.
  
Line 34: Line 33:
  
 
==Current activities==
 
==Current activities==
The Communist Party stands in elections and has members in local government, national government and the [[European Parliament]]. In the European Parliament they are part of the [[European United Left - Nordic Green Left]] group.
+
The Communist Party stands in elections and has members in local government, national government and the European Parliament. In the European Parliament they are part of the European United Left - Nordic Green Left group.
 +
 
 +
In all elections between [[1993]] and [[2004]], the KKE received a 4.54% to 5.9% of the vote, thus remaining the third party inside the Greek Parliament.
 +
 
 +
In the [[September 16]], [[2007]] elections, however, KKE received over 8% of the vote and was represented in Parliament by 22 MPs.
  
In all elections that took place after [[1993]], the KKE received a 4.54% to 5.9% of the vote, thus remaining the third party inside the Greek Parliament.
+
In [[2009]], the KKE received a 7.54% share of the vote, electing 21 MPs.
  
It publishes a daily organ, [[Rizospastis]].
+
In the May [[2012]], the party garnered 8.48% of the vote which dropped in the repeat election in June to 4.50%.
  
== [[General Secretary|General Secretaries]] ==
+
The party publishes a daily newspaper, [[Rizospastis]].
*1.  [[Nikolaos Dimitratos]] (November 1918-)
+
 
*2.  [[Giannis Kordatos]] (February 1922-)
+
== General Secretaries ==
*3.  [[Nikolaos Sargologos]] (November 1922-)
+
*    [[Aristos Arvanitis]] (Chairman of SEKE which evolved into the KKE)
*4.  [[Thomas Apostolidis]] (September 1923-)
+
*1.  [[Nikolaos Dimitratos]] (1919-1922)
*5.  [[Pantelis Pouliopoulos]] (December 1924-)
+
*2.  [[Yiannis Kordatos]] (February 1922-November 1922)
*6.  [[Pastias Giatsopoulos]] (September 1926-)
+
*3.  [[Nikolaos Sargologos]] (November 1922-September 1923)
*7.  [[Andronikos Xaitas]] (March 1927-)
+
*4.  [[Thomas Apostolidis]] (September 1923-December 1924)
*8. [[Nikolaos Zachariadis]] (1931/36)
+
*5.  [[Pantelis Pouliopoulos]] (December 1924-1925)
*9. [[Andreas Tsipas|Andreas Tsipas]] ([[Macedonian_language|Slavo-Macedonian]]: Andreja Chipov (July 1941-September 1941)
+
*6.  [[Eleftherios Stavridis]] (1925-1926)
*10. [[Giorgios Siantos]] (January 1942-1945)  
+
*7.  [[Pastias Giatsopoulos]] (September 1926-December 1926)
*    Nikolaos Zachariadis (1945-1956)
+
*   [[Pantelis Pouliopoulos]] (December 1926-1928)
*11. [[Apostolos Grozos]] (1956)
+
*8.  [[Andronikos Chaitas]] (1928)
*12. [[Konstantinos Koligiannis]] (1956-1972)
+
*9.  [[Giorgios Siantos]] (1928-1931)  
*13. [[Charilaos Florakis]] (1972-1989)
+
*10. [[Nikolaos Zachariadis]] (1931-1936)
*14. [[Grigoris Farakos]] (1989-1991)   
+
*11. [[Vasilis Nefeloudis]] (1936-1938)
*15. [[Aleka Papariga]] (1991-)
+
*    [[Giorgios Siantos]] (1938-1939)
 +
*12. [[Dimitris Papayiannis]] (1939-1941)
 +
*13. [[Andreas Tsipas]] (1941)
 +
*    [[Giorgios Siantos]] (1941-1945)  
 +
*    [[Nikolaos Zachariadis]] (1945-1956)
 +
*14. [[Apostolos Grozos]] (1956)
 +
*15. [[Konstantinos Koligiannis]] (1956-1972)
 +
*16. [[Charilaos Florakis]] (1972-1989)
 +
*17. [[Grigoris Farakos]] (1989-1991)   
 +
*18. [[Aleka Papariga]] (1991-2013)
 +
*19. [[Dimitris Koutsoumbas]] (2013- )
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==
 
* [[Politics of Greece]]
 
* [[Politics of Greece]]
 
* [[List of political parties in Greece]]
 
* [[List of political parties in Greece]]
* [[List of Communist Parties]]
 
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
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[[Category:Political parties in Greece]]
+
[[Category:Political Parties]]
 
+
[[Category:Communism]]
  
 
[[el:Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας]]
 
[[el:Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας]]

Latest revision as of 07:38, May 5, 2020

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Politics of Greece

edit

The Communist Party of Greece, better known by its acronym ΚΚΕ (Greek: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Kommunistiko Komma Elladas), is the major communist party in Greece.

Party logo

History

Foundation

It was founded on November 4, 1918 as the Socialist Labour Party of Greece or SEKE (Greek: Σοσιαλιστικό Εργατικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Sosialistiko Ergatiko Komma Elladas) by Avraam Benaroya, a Greek Jewish teacher. The party was run by a five-member central committee which included Nikolaos Dimitratos, D. Ligdopoulos, M. Sideris, Arvanitis and Kokkinos.

At the Second Congress of the SEKE in April 1920, the party decided to affiliate to the Third International. In addition, it extended its name to Socialist Labour Party of Greece-Communist or SEKE-K. A new central committee was elected, which included N. and P. Dimitratos, Y. Kordatos, G. Doumas and M. Sideris.

At the Third Extraordinary Congress of the SEKE-K in November 1924, the party was renamed the Communist Party of Greece and adopted the principles of Marxism-Leninism. It has been functioning ever since on the basis of "democratic centralism".

With a few exceptions it was banned from 1918 to 1974.

German Occupation

During the German occupation of Greece during World War II, the Communists together with other parts of the Greek Left formed a resistance army called the National People's Liberation Army (in Greek the Ethnikos Laikos Apeleftherotikos Stratos or ELAS), which by 1944 controlled three-fifths of the country. At the end of the war fighting broke out between ELAS and Greek government backed by the British army. Following a cease fire agreement known as Varkiza pact, ELAS laid down arms with the idea of a political process. The disarmament of ELAS triggered mass purges, percecutions and assasinations of communists and leftists. This led to the Hellenic Civil War which lasted until 1949 and ended with the defeat of the Democratic Army.

Split

On February 18, 1968 a small group split from KKE, forming the so-called "KKE esoterikou" (known as the KKE Interior) and following a Eurocommunist line.

Legalisation

KKE was legalized September of 1974

After the restoration of democracy in 1974, the KKE appeared in the first elections together with the KKE Interior and the EDA under the name United Left (Greek: Enomeni Aristera, Ενωμένη Αριστερά), receiving 9.36% of the vote. This first form could be hardly considered a coalition though, and from 1977 to 1989, the KKE appeared by itself in all elections, receiving usually around 10% of the vote.

Participation in government

In 1989 KKE and KKE esoterikou, along with some other left organisations, formed Coalition of the Left and Progress (Greek: Synaspismos tis Aristeras kai tis Proodou, Συνασπισμός της Αριστεράς και της Προόδου). In 1991, it withdrew itself from the coalition; a part of its members, however, split from the party and remained in Synaspismos which evolved into a new singe Party.

Organisation

KKE's youth section is the Communist Youth of Greece (Greek: Κομμουνιστική Νεολαία Ελλαδας, KNE).

Current activities

The Communist Party stands in elections and has members in local government, national government and the European Parliament. In the European Parliament they are part of the European United Left - Nordic Green Left group.

In all elections between 1993 and 2004, the KKE received a 4.54% to 5.9% of the vote, thus remaining the third party inside the Greek Parliament.

In the September 16, 2007 elections, however, KKE received over 8% of the vote and was represented in Parliament by 22 MPs.

In 2009, the KKE received a 7.54% share of the vote, electing 21 MPs.

In the May 2012, the party garnered 8.48% of the vote which dropped in the repeat election in June to 4.50%.

The party publishes a daily newspaper, Rizospastis.

General Secretaries

See also

External links