Difference between revisions of "Second Balkan War"

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After the [[Treaty of London]], at the conclusion of the [[First Balkan War]], Bulgaria, feeling slighted in view of the preliminary pre-war agreements as to the partition of Ottoman territories, unsuccessfully attempted to impose their demands by force of arms.  Defeated by Serbia, Greece, Montenegro and Romania in the '''Second Balkan War''', Bulgaria signed an Armistice on [[July 31]], [[1913]].  At the [[Treaty of Bucharest, 1913|Treaty of Bucharest]] in August 1913, the final territorial adjustments were made.
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After the [[Treaty of London, 1913|Treaty of London]] at the conclusion of the [[First Balkan War]], Bulgaria felt slighted in view of the preliminary pre-war agreements with Serbia as to the partition of Ottoman territories. The problem arose because, when Greece prepared to enter the conflict, there was no time to re-negotiate and the First Balkan War was declared with an understanding that each country would control whatever territories their forces managed to liberate. Bulgarians felt that they had borne the brunt of the first war and should not be short-changed. As they were the strongest of the original [[Balkan League]] nations, they unsuccessfully attempted to impose their demands by force of arms.  Defeated by Serbia, Greece, Montenegro and Romania in the '''Second Balkan War''', Bulgaria signed an Armistice on [[July 31]], [[1913]].  At the [[Treaty of Bucharest, 1913|Treaty of Bucharest]] in August 1913, the final territorial adjustments were made.
  
 
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| Jun 19-21 [[1913]]
 
| Jun 19-21 [[1913]]
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| 2
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| [[Battle of Stromnitsa]]
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| Bulgaria
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| Greeks
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| Jun 26 [[1913]]
 
| 2
 
| 2
 
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| [[Battle of Kresna Gorge]]
 
| [[Battle of Kresna Gorge]]
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==Chronology of Events==
 
*June 1913
 
*June 1913
**Conclusion of a secret Serbian-Greek alliance and military protocol directed against Bulgaria  
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**Conclusion of a secret Serbian-Greek defensive alliance directed against Bulgaria  
 
**The Bulgarian Army urges a quick attack on Serbia and Greece, confident of an easy victory  
 
**The Bulgarian Army urges a quick attack on Serbia and Greece, confident of an easy victory  
 
**Montenegro announces that it will side with Serbia in the event of a Serbian-Bulgarian war  
 
**Montenegro announces that it will side with Serbia in the event of a Serbian-Bulgarian war  
 
**Romania warns Bulgaria that it will not remain neutral in a new Balkan war
 
**Romania warns Bulgaria that it will not remain neutral in a new Balkan war
**Tsar Ferdinand orders the Bulgarian army to attack without informing his cabinet - his generals are instructed to ignore any halt orders.Bulgaria attacks Greek and Serbian forces in Macedonia.
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**Tsar Ferdinand orders the Bulgarian army to attack without informing his cabinet - his generals are instructed to ignore any halt orders.Bulgaria attacks Greek and Serbian forces in [[Macedonia]].
 
*July 1913  
 
*July 1913  
 
**The Serbs counterattack and gain the initiative, breaking the Bulgarian lines and pushing northeastwards  
 
**The Serbs counterattack and gain the initiative, breaking the Bulgarian lines and pushing northeastwards  
 
**Greek forces push back the Bulgarians  
 
**Greek forces push back the Bulgarians  
 
**Romania declares war on Bulgaria and immediately crosses the Danube with 150,000 men, meeting no Bulgarian resistance  
 
**Romania declares war on Bulgaria and immediately crosses the Danube with 150,000 men, meeting no Bulgarian resistance  
**The Ottoman Empire declares war on Bulgaria, and advances into Thrace
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**The Ottoman Empire declares war on Bulgaria, and advances into [[Eastern Thrace]]
**The Turks reoccupy Adrianople and eastern Thrace without meeting Bulgarian resistance  
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**The Turks reoccupy [[Adrianople]] and [[eastern Thrace]] without meeting Bulgarian resistance  
 
**Romania agrees to an armistice with Bulgaria  
 
**Romania agrees to an armistice with Bulgaria  
 
**A Balkan peace conference is held in Bucharest - on Jul.31, an armistice is signed  
 
**A Balkan peace conference is held in Bucharest - on Jul.31, an armistice is signed  
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|-
 
|-
 
|Greece:  
 
|Greece:  
|2,000-2,500
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|7,500-8,000
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Romania:  
 
|Romania:  
 
|1,500-2,000
 
|1,500-2,000
 
|}
 
|}
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[[Category:Wars of Greece]]
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[[Category:1913]]
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[[Category:History of Macedonia]]

Latest revision as of 21:00, May 31, 2010

After the Treaty of London at the conclusion of the First Balkan War, Bulgaria felt slighted in view of the preliminary pre-war agreements with Serbia as to the partition of Ottoman territories. The problem arose because, when Greece prepared to enter the conflict, there was no time to re-negotiate and the First Balkan War was declared with an understanding that each country would control whatever territories their forces managed to liberate. Bulgarians felt that they had borne the brunt of the first war and should not be short-changed. As they were the strongest of the original Balkan League nations, they unsuccessfully attempted to impose their demands by force of arms. Defeated by Serbia, Greece, Montenegro and Romania in the Second Balkan War, Bulgaria signed an Armistice on July 31, 1913. At the Treaty of Bucharest in August 1913, the final territorial adjustments were made.

Second Balkan Wars
Name Land/Sea Guest(1) General Home (2) General Date Side Treaty
Battle of Kilkis-Lahanas Bulgaria Greeks Jun 19-21 1913 2
Battle of Stromnitsa Bulgaria Greeks Jun 26 1913 2
Battle of Kalimantsi Bulgaria Serbs Jul 15-18 1913 1
Battle of Kresna Gorge Bulgaria Greece 29 July 9 Aug 1913 0

Chronology of Events

  • June 1913
    • Conclusion of a secret Serbian-Greek defensive alliance directed against Bulgaria
    • The Bulgarian Army urges a quick attack on Serbia and Greece, confident of an easy victory
    • Montenegro announces that it will side with Serbia in the event of a Serbian-Bulgarian war
    • Romania warns Bulgaria that it will not remain neutral in a new Balkan war
    • Tsar Ferdinand orders the Bulgarian army to attack without informing his cabinet - his generals are instructed to ignore any halt orders.Bulgaria attacks Greek and Serbian forces in Macedonia.
  • July 1913
    • The Serbs counterattack and gain the initiative, breaking the Bulgarian lines and pushing northeastwards
    • Greek forces push back the Bulgarians
    • Romania declares war on Bulgaria and immediately crosses the Danube with 150,000 men, meeting no Bulgarian resistance
    • The Ottoman Empire declares war on Bulgaria, and advances into Eastern Thrace
    • The Turks reoccupy Adrianople and eastern Thrace without meeting Bulgarian resistance
    • Romania agrees to an armistice with Bulgaria
    • A Balkan peace conference is held in Bucharest - on Jul.31, an armistice is signed
    • Serbian victory was a severe setback for Austria -and the German involvement in the Balkans has begun
War KIA
Ottomans 20,000-30,000
Bulgaria 18,000-20,000
Serbia: 18.500-19,000
Greece: 7,500-8,000
Romania: 1,500-2,000