Irlandos: /* Aftermath */

2008-01-31T13:46:02Z

Aftermath

Irlandos: New page: The '''Battle of Crannon''' (322 BC), fought between the Macedonian forces of Antipater and Craterus and rebellious southern Greek forces led by the Athenians, w...

2008-01-31T13:45:21Z

New page: The '''Battle of Crannon''' (322 BC), fought between the Macedonian forces of Antipater and Craterus and rebellious southern Greek forces led by the Athenians, w...

New page

The '''Battle of Crannon''' ([[322 BC]]), fought between the [[Macedon]]ian forces of [[Antipater]] and [[Craterus]] and rebellious southern Greek forces led by the [[Athens|Athenians]], was the decisive battle of the [[Lamian war]]. Macedonian victory, though militarily unspectacular, convinced the southern Greeks to sue for peace. This marked the end of [[polis|city-state]] freedom from Macedonian hegemony in [[Greece]].

==Prelude==

The Athenians upon learning of the death of [[Alexander the Great]] in June [[323 BC]] decided to rebel against Macedonian hegemony in Greece. Recruiting a force of mercenaries and joined by many other city-states the Athenians were at first able to bring superior numbers against the enemy as [[Antipater]], the Macedonian viceroy in Europe. was short on troops due to the Macedonian campaigns in the east. Forced to take refuge in [[Lamia]] Antipater called for reinforcments from Asia. The first to respond, [[Leonnatus]], was killed in a battle against the southern Greek cavalry, however this allowed Antipater to escape from Lamia and merge his army with that of Leonnatus. The arrival of a third Macedonian force under the leadership of [[Craterus]] decidedly shifted the numerical superiority to the Macedonian side.

==Battle==

Antipater and Craterus now marched their combined army south to force the southern Greeks to battle. The rebels, after calling together their dispersed forces met the Macedonians near [[Krannonas|Crannon]] in [[Thessaly]].

Relying on the high reputation of the Thessalian horse, the Athenian general, [[Antiphilus (general)|Antiphilus]] decided to try as in the battle with Leonnatus to win the battle by cavalry. The battle therefore opened with the clash of the southern Greek and Macedonian cavalry. With the cavalry of both sides occupied Antipater ordered his infantry to charge the rebels' line. The southern Greek infantry was driven back by the more numerous enemy and withdrew to the high ground from where they could easily repulse any Macedonian assault. Seeing their infantry in retreat, the rebels' cavalry disengaged from the battle, leaving the field and victory in Macedonian hands.

==Aftermath==

While the southern Greek army was still intact, it was clear that the Macedonians had gained the advantage in the war. After conferring with his cavalry commander [[Menon of Pharsalus]] Anthiplus therefore sent an embassy to Antipater the next day asking for terms. Antipater however refused to conclude any general peace with the Greek alliance as a whole, insisting instead that each city sent its own ambassadors. While these terms were at first rejected the subsequent Macedonian capture of several Thessalian cities caused a rush of defections as each city strove to make a separate peace.

Athens, abandoned by her allies, was at last forced to surrender unconditionally. In the peace imposed by Antipater the Athenians were forced to accept a Macedonian garrison as well as a replacement of [[Athenian democracy|democracy]] with an oligarchy under the leadership of [[Phocion]]

==References==

*[[Diodorus Siculus]]
*Waldemar Heckel, The Marshals of Alexander's Empire

{{Credit wikipedia}}

[[Category:Battles of the Diadochi|Crannon]]
[[Category:322 BC]]

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 ==Aftermath==
-While the southern Greek army was still intact, it was clear that the Macedonians had gained the advantage in the war. After conferring with his cavalry commander [[Menon of Pharsalus]] Anthiplus therefore sent an embassy to Antipater the next day asking for terms. Antipater however refused to conclude any general peace with the Greek alliance as a whole, insisting instead that each city sent its own ambassadors. While these terms were at first rejected the subsequent Macedonian capture of several Thessalian cities caused a rush of defections as each city strove to make a separate peace.
+While the southern Greek army was still intact, it was clear that the Macedonians had gained the advantage in the war. After conferring with his cavalry commander [[Menon of Pharsalus]] Antiphilus therefore sent an embassy to Antipater the next day asking for terms. Antipater however refused to conclude any general peace with the Greek alliance as a whole, insisting instead that each city sent its own ambassadors. While these terms were at first rejected the subsequent Macedonian capture of several Thessalian cities caused a rush of defections as each city strove to make a separate peace.
 Athens, abandoned by her allies, was at last forced to surrender unconditionally. In the peace imposed by Antipater the Athenians were forced to accept a Macedonian garrison as well as a replacement of [[Athenian democracy|democracy]] with an oligarchy under the leadership of [[Phocion]]

Battle of Crannon - Revision history

Irlandos: /* Aftermath */

Irlandos: New page: The '''Battle of Crannon''' (322 BC), fought between the Macedonian forces of Antipater and Craterus and rebellious southern Greek forces led by the Athenians, w...