Golden Horn - Revision history

Irlandos at 12:15, June 13, 2006

2006-06-13T12:15:05Z

Irlandos at 12:14, June 13, 2006

2006-06-13T12:14:42Z

Irlandos at 11:20, December 23, 2005

2005-12-23T11:20:09Z

Irlandos at 11:19, December 23, 2005

2005-12-23T11:19:56Z

New page

The '''Golden Horn''' (in [[Turkish language|Turkish]] '''Haliç''', in [[Greek language|Greek]] '''Khrysokeras''' or '''Chrysoceras''' or Χρυσοκερα&sigmaf;) is an estuary dividing the city of Istanbul.

With the [[Sea of Marmara]], the Golden Horn forms a peninsula with a deep natural harbor. This site was originally settled by [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greek]] colonists as the city of [[Byzantium]]. The [[Byzantine Empire]] had its naval headquarters there, and walls were built along the shoreline to protect the city (by then renamed [[Constantinople]]) from naval attacks. At the entrance to the Horn, there was a large boom pulled across from Constantinople to the tower of [[Galata]] (a.k.a. Tower of Christ in older texts) on the northern side, preventing unwanted ships from entering.

There were three notable times when the chain across the Horn was either broken or circumvented. In the [[10th century]] the Vikings (Varangians) dragged their longships out of the [[Bosporus]], around Galata, and relaunched them in the Horn; the Byzantines defeated them with [[Greek fire]]. In [[1204]], during the [[Fourth Crusade]], Venetian ships were able to break the chain with a ram. In [[1453]], Ottoman Sultan [[Mehmed II]], having failed in his attempt to copy the Venetians and break the chain with brute force (indeed, heavily damaging his own ships in the process), instead copied the tactics of the Rus', towing his ships across Galata into the estuary over greased logs.

In [[1502]] Leonardo da Vinci produced a drawing of a single span 720-foot (240 m) bridge as part of a civil engineering project for Sultan Beyazid II. The bridge was intended to span the Golden Horn. It was never built, but Leonardo's vision was resurrected in [[2001]] when a smaller bridge based on his design was constructed in Norway.

After the [[Fall of Constantinople]] to Mehmed, Greek citizens, the [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Greek Orthodox]] Church, Jews, Italian merchants, and other non-Muslims began to live along the Horn in the Phanar (Fener) and Balat districts. Today the Golden Horn is settled on both sides, and there are parks along each shore. The Istanbul Chamber of Commerce is also located along the shore, as is a Muslim cemetery. The Galata Bridge, built in [[1836]], connects Old Istanbul with the districts of Galata and Eminönü. Two other bridges, the Atatürk Bridge and the Haliç Bridge, are located further up the Horn. Until the [[1980s]] the Horn was a dumping ground for industrial waste, but has since been cleaned up and is a popular tourist attraction in Istanbul because of its history and beauty.

[[Category:Byzantine Empire]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:15, June 13, 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	The '''Golden Horn''' (in Turkish '''Haliç''', in [[Greek language\|Greek]] '''Chrysoceras''' - Χρυσοκερα&sigmaf; or Keratios Kolpos - Κεράτιος Κόλπος) is an estuary dividing the city of Istanbul.	+	The '''Golden Horn''' (in Turkish '''Haliç''', in [[Greek language\|Greek]] '''Chrysoceras''' - Χρυσοκερα&sigmaf; or '''Keratios Kolpos''' - Κεράτιος Κόλπος) is an estuary dividing the city of Istanbul.

	With the [[Sea of Marmara]], the Golden Horn forms a peninsula with a deep natural harbor. This site was originally settled by [[Ancient Greece\|ancient Greek]] colonists as the city of [[Byzantium]]. The [[Byzantine Empire]] had its naval headquarters there, and walls were built along the shoreline to protect the city (by then renamed [[Constantinople]]) from naval attacks. At the entrance to the Horn, there was a large boom pulled across from Constantinople to the tower of [[Galata]] (a.k.a. Tower of Christ in older texts) on the northern side, preventing unwanted ships from entering.		With the [[Sea of Marmara]], the Golden Horn forms a peninsula with a deep natural harbor. This site was originally settled by [[Ancient Greece\|ancient Greek]] colonists as the city of [[Byzantium]]. The [[Byzantine Empire]] had its naval headquarters there, and walls were built along the shoreline to protect the city (by then renamed [[Constantinople]]) from naval attacks. At the entrance to the Horn, there was a large boom pulled across from Constantinople to the tower of [[Galata]] (a.k.a. Tower of Christ in older texts) on the northern side, preventing unwanted ships from entering.

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:14, June 13, 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	The '''Golden Horn''' (in Turkish '''Haliç''', in [[Greek language\|Greek]] ~~'''Khrysokeras''' or~~ '''Chrysoceras''' or Χρυσοκερα&sigmaf;) is an estuary dividing the city of Istanbul.	+	The '''Golden Horn''' (in Turkish '''Haliç''', in [[Greek language\|Greek]] '''Chrysoceras''' - Χρυσοκερα&sigmaf; or Keratios Kolpos - Κεράτιος Κόλπος) is an estuary dividing the city of Istanbul.

	With the [[Sea of Marmara]], the Golden Horn forms a peninsula with a deep natural harbor. This site was originally settled by [[Ancient Greece\|ancient Greek]] colonists as the city of [[Byzantium]]. The [[Byzantine Empire]] had its naval headquarters there, and walls were built along the shoreline to protect the city (by then renamed [[Constantinople]]) from naval attacks. At the entrance to the Horn, there was a large boom pulled across from Constantinople to the tower of [[Galata]] (a.k.a. Tower of Christ in older texts) on the northern side, preventing unwanted ships from entering.		With the [[Sea of Marmara]], the Golden Horn forms a peninsula with a deep natural harbor. This site was originally settled by [[Ancient Greece\|ancient Greek]] colonists as the city of [[Byzantium]]. The [[Byzantine Empire]] had its naval headquarters there, and walls were built along the shoreline to protect the city (by then renamed [[Constantinople]]) from naval attacks. At the entrance to the Horn, there was a large boom pulled across from Constantinople to the tower of [[Galata]] (a.k.a. Tower of Christ in older texts) on the northern side, preventing unwanted ships from entering.

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:20, December 23, 2005
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	The '''Golden Horn''' (in [[Turkish ~~language\|Turkish]]~~ '''Haliç''', in [[Greek language\|Greek]] '''Khrysokeras''' or '''Chrysoceras''' or Χρυσοκερα&sigmaf;) is an estuary dividing the city of Istanbul.	+	The '''Golden Horn''' (in Turkish '''Haliç''', in [[Greek language\|Greek]] '''Khrysokeras''' or '''Chrysoceras''' or Χρυσοκερα&sigmaf;) is an estuary dividing the city of Istanbul.

	With the [[Sea of Marmara]], the Golden Horn forms a peninsula with a deep natural harbor. This site was originally settled by [[Ancient Greece\|ancient Greek]] colonists as the city of [[Byzantium]]. The [[Byzantine Empire]] had its naval headquarters there, and walls were built along the shoreline to protect the city (by then renamed [[Constantinople]]) from naval attacks. At the entrance to the Horn, there was a large boom pulled across from Constantinople to the tower of [[Galata]] (a.k.a. Tower of Christ in older texts) on the northern side, preventing unwanted ships from entering.		With the [[Sea of Marmara]], the Golden Horn forms a peninsula with a deep natural harbor. This site was originally settled by [[Ancient Greece\|ancient Greek]] colonists as the city of [[Byzantium]]. The [[Byzantine Empire]] had its naval headquarters there, and walls were built along the shoreline to protect the city (by then renamed [[Constantinople]]) from naval attacks. At the entrance to the Horn, there was a large boom pulled across from Constantinople to the tower of [[Galata]] (a.k.a. Tower of Christ in older texts) on the northern side, preventing unwanted ships from entering.