Gregoris Lambrakis - Revision history

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'''Gregoris Lambrakis''' (Γρηγόρης Λαμπράκης) ([[April 3]] [[1912]]–[[May 27]] [[1963]]) was a [[Greece|Greek]] [[politician]], [[physician]], and member of the faculty of the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].

Lambrakis was born in the village of [[Kerasitsa]] in the district of [[Tegea]] ([[Arcadia prefecture]], the [[Peloponnesus]]). After finishing high school in his home town, he moved to [[Athens]] to enter the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].

Lambrakis was a great athlete throughout his life. He held the Greek record for long jump for twenty-three years (1936–1959). He also earned several gold medals in the [[Balkans|Balkan]] Athletic Games, which took place annually, featuring competitors from Greece, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey.

During the German occupation of Greece ([[1941]]–[[1944]]), Lambrakis participated actively in the national resistance. In 1943 he set up the Union of Greek Athletes ("Ένωση των Ελλήνων Αθλητών") and organised regular competitions. He used the revenue from these games to fund public food-banks for the starving population.

After [[World War II]], Lambrakis completed his medical studies and worked as a lecturer in the Department of gynaecology. He continued to help the poor by running a small private clinic for patients who were unable to afford medical care.

While not a Communist, Lambrakis's political and ideological orientation did lean towards the left. He was actively involved in the Pacifist Movement of his time, which voiced strong opposition to the Vietnam War. Lambrakis acted politically from within the [[United Democratic Left]] (Eniaia Democratiki Aristera — EDA), the only legal left-wing political party in the country after the [[Greek Civil War]] [[1946]]–[[1949]]) and until the fall of the [[Junta|military dictatorship]]. He was elected to the Greek Parliament in the [[1961]] elections as a [[Piraeus]] MP.

The same year (1961), under his initiative, the Commission for International Detente and Peace (Eπιτροπή για την Διεθνή Ύφεση και Ειρήνη — Epitropi gia ti Diethni Ifesi kai Irini — EDYE) was established in Greece. Under his capacity as Vice President of EDYE, Lambrakis participated in international pacifist meetings and demonstrations, despite frequent threats against his life. On [[21 April]] [[1963]], the pacifist movement in Greece organised the First Pacifist Rally from [[Marathon]] to [[Athens]]. The police intervened, banned the rally and arrested many demonstrators ([[Mikis Theodorakis]] among them). Lambrakis, protected by his parliamentary immunity, marched alone and arrived at the end of the rally holding the banner with the peace symbol , the one he had previously held up during the Aldermaston rally in the United Kingdom while protesting near the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (AWRE). Soon afterward, he too was arrested by the police.

On [[22 May]] [[1963]], after delivering the keynote speech at a pacifist meeting in [[Thessaloniki]], he was run down by a delivery truck driven by two right-wing extremists (E. Emmanouilidis and S. Gotzamanis). He suffered brain injuries and died in the hospital five days later, on [[27 May]].

The next day, in Athens, his funeral became a massive demonstration. More than 500.000 people rallied to protest against the right-wing government and the Royal Court, seen by many to support the activities of the right-wing extremists. The assassination of Lambrakis initiated an enormous popular reaction, and soon after, Investigator [[Christos Sartzetakis]] (who later in the 1980s was elected as President of the Republic) and Attorney General P. Delaportas uncovered the government's connections to right-wing extremists; not surprisingly, both men soon lost their jobs.

The events that followed the assassination of Lambrakis lead to rapid political developments. Prime Minister [[Constantine Karamanlis]] resigned and fled to Paris in July 1963. The Marathon Peace Rally became an annual event in Lambrakis's memory. Thousands of Greek youths formed a new political organisation called The Neolaia Lambraki (Νεολαία Λαμπράκη - Lambrakis Youth); the first secretary of Neolaia Lambraki was Mikis Theodorakis, one of Lambrakis's friends and fellow activists. This liberal political organisation played a decisive role in Greece's left-wing democratic movement of the 1960s.

The life and death of Gregoris Lambrakis inspired the author [[Vassilis Vassilikos]] to write the political novel ''"Z"''. The title stands for the first letter of the Greek word "Zei" (''"He is alive!"''), a popular slogan which began to appear on the walls of the buildings of the Greek cities in the 1960s, illustrating the growing protest against the conditions that led to the assassination of Lambrakis. In [[1969]], the Greek film director [[Costa-Gavras]] (Κώστας Γαβράς) made the film ''[[Z (film)|Z]]'', which was a great success. Yves Montand starred as Lambrakis, Jean-Louis Trintignant as investigator Sartzetakis and [[Irene Papas]] as Lambrakis's widow.

Lambrakis remains in the hearts of the Greek people as a national symbol of democracy, representing the struggle against political repression, Royal Court scandal, and international dependence. After the fall of [[Junta]] in [[1974]], numerous places, including a football stadium in [[Kallithea]] and streets and squares throughout the country, have been named in honor of Gregoris Lambrakis.

==See also==
*[[United Democratic Left]]
*[[History of Modern Greece]]

[[Category:1912 births|Lambrakis, Gregoris]]
[[Category:1963 deaths|Lambrakis, Gregoris]]
[[Category:Greek politicians|Lambrakis, Gregoris]]

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 The events that followed the assassination of Lambrakis lead to rapid political developments. Prime Minister [[Constantine Karamanlis]] resigned and fled to Paris in July 1963. The Marathon Peace Rally became an annual event in Lambrakis's memory. Thousands of Greek youths formed a new political organisation called The Neolaia Lambraki (&#925;&#949;&#959;&#955;&#945;&#943;&#945; &#923;&#945;&#956;&#960;&#961;&#940;&#954;&#951; - Lambrakis Youth); the first secretary of Neolaia Lambraki was Mikis Theodorakis, one of Lambrakis's friends and fellow activists. This liberal political organisation played a decisive role in Greece's left-wing democratic movement of the 1960s.
-[[Image:Lambrakis-c_03.jpg|frame|[[Gregoris Lambrakis]]' funeral. May [[1963]].]]
+[[Image:Lambrakis-c_03.jpg|frame|[[Gregoris Lambrakis]]' funeral. [[May 28]], [[1963]].]]
 The life and death of Gregoris Lambrakis inspired the author [[Vassilis Vassilikos]] to write the political novel ''"Z"''. The title stands for the first letter of the Greek word "Zei" (''"He is alive!"''), a popular slogan which began to appear on the walls of the buildings of the Greek cities in the 1960s, illustrating the growing protest against the conditions that led to the assassination of Lambrakis. In [[1969]], the Greek film director [[Costa-Gavras]] (&#922;&#974;&#963;&#964;&#945;&#962; &#915;&#945;&#946;&#961;&#940;&#962;) made the film ''[[Z (film)|Z]]'', which was a great success. Yves Montand starred as Lambrakis, Jean-Louis Trintignant as investigator Sartzetakis and [[Irene Papas]] as Lambrakis's widow.

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 Lambrakis was born in the village of [[Kerasitsa]] in the district of [[Tegea]] ([[Arcadia prefecture]], the [[Peloponnesus]]). After finishing high school in his home town, he moved to [[Athens]] to enter the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].
-Lambrakis was a great athlete throughout his life. He held the Greek record for [[long jump]] for twenty-three years (1936&ndash;1959). He also earned several gold medals in the [[Balkans|Balkan]] Athletic Games, which took place annually, featuring competitors from Greece, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey.
+Lambrakis was a great athlete throughout his life. He held the Greek record for [[long jump]] for twenty-four years (1935&ndash;1959). He also competed in the [[triple jump]], the [[100m]] and the [[200m]]. He earned 12 gold medals in the Balkan Athletic Games, which took place annually, featuring competitors from Greece, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey. In the Olympiad of [[1936]], he ended up in 11th place in the long jump.
 During the German occupation of Greece ([[1941]]&ndash;[[1944]]), Lambrakis participated actively in the national resistance. In 1943 he set up the Union of Greek Athletes ("&#904;&#957;&#969;&#963;&#951; &#964;&#969;&#957; &#917;&#955;&#955;&#942;&#957;&#969;&#957; &#913;&#952;&#955;&#951;&#964;&#974;&#957;") and organised regular competitions. He used the revenue from these games to fund public food-banks for the starving population.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Image:Gregoris_lambrakis.jpg|thumb|250px|left|MP Gregoris Lambrakis marching alone in the banned Marathon&ndash;Athens Peace Rally on Sunday [[April 21]] [[1963]], one month before his assassination]]
-'''Gregoris Lambrakis''' (Γρηγόρης Λαμπράκης) ([[April 3]] [[1912]]&ndash;[[May 27]] [[1963]]) was a [[Greece|Greek]] [[politician]], [[physician]], and member of the faculty of the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].
+'''Gregoris Lambrakis''' (Γρηγόρης Λαμπράκης) ([[April 3]] [[1912]]&ndash;[[May 27]] [[1963]]) was a [[Greece|Greek]] politician, physician, and member of the faculty of the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].
 Lambrakis was born in the village of [[Kerasitsa]] in the district of [[Tegea]] ([[Arcadia prefecture]], the [[Peloponnesus]]). After finishing high school in his home town, he moved to [[Athens]] to enter the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].
@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 The same year (1961), under his initiative, the Commission for International Detente and Peace (E&#960;&#953;&#964;&#961;&#959;&#960;&#942; &#947;&#953;&#945; &#964;&#951;&#957; &#916;&#953;&#949;&#952;&#957;&#942; &#910;&#966;&#949;&#963;&#951; &#954;&#945;&#953; &#917;&#953;&#961;&#942;&#957;&#951; &mdash; Epitropi gia ti Diethni Ifesi kai Irini &mdash; EDYE) was established in Greece. Under his capacity as Vice President of EDYE, Lambrakis participated in international pacifist meetings and demonstrations, despite frequent threats against his life. On [[21 April]] [[1963]], the pacifist movement in Greece organised the First Pacifist Rally from [[Marathon]] to [[Athens]]. The police intervened, banned the rally and arrested many demonstrators ([[Mikis Theodorakis]] among them). Lambrakis, protected by his parliamentary immunity, marched alone and arrived at the end of the rally holding the banner with the peace symbol , the one he had previously held up during the Aldermaston rally in the United Kingdom while protesting near the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (AWRE). Soon afterward, he too was arrested by the police.
-On [[22 May]] [[1963]], after delivering the keynote speech at a pacifist meeting in [[Thessaloniki]], he was run down by a delivery truck driven by two right-wing extremists (E. Emmanouilidis and S. Gotzamanis). He suffered brain injuries and died in the hospital five days later, on [[27 May]].
+On [[May 22]], [[1963]], after delivering the keynote speech at a pacifist meeting in [[Thessaloniki]], he was run down by a delivery truck driven by two right-wing extremists (Emmanouil Emmanouilidis and Spyros Kotzamanis). He suffered brain injuries and died in the hospital five days later, on [[May 27]].
-The next day, in Athens, his funeral became a massive demonstration. More than 500.000 people rallied to protest against the right-wing government and the Royal Court, seen by many to support the activities of the right-wing extremists. The assassination of Lambrakis initiated an enormous popular reaction, and soon after, Investigator [[Christos Sartzetakis]] (who later in the 1980s was elected as President of the Republic) and Attorney General P. Delaportas uncovered the government's connections to right-wing extremists; not surprisingly, both men soon lost their jobs.
+The next day, in Athens, his funeral became a massive demonstration. More than 500,000 people rallied to protest against the right-wing government and the Royal Court, seen by many to support the activities of the right-wing extremists. The assassination of Lambrakis initiated an enormous popular reaction, and soon after, Investigator [[Christos Sartzetakis]] (who later in the 1980s was elected as President of the Republic) and Attorney General P. Delaportas uncovered the government's connections to right-wing extremists; not surprisingly, both men soon lost their jobs.
 The events that followed the assassination of Lambrakis lead to rapid political developments. Prime Minister [[Constantine Karamanlis]] resigned and fled to Paris in July 1963. The Marathon Peace Rally became an annual event in Lambrakis's memory. Thousands of Greek youths formed a new political organisation called The Neolaia Lambraki (&#925;&#949;&#959;&#955;&#945;&#943;&#945; &#923;&#945;&#956;&#960;&#961;&#940;&#954;&#951; - Lambrakis Youth); the first secretary of Neolaia Lambraki was Mikis Theodorakis, one of Lambrakis's friends and fellow activists. This liberal political organisation played a decisive role in Greece's left-wing democratic movement of the 1960s.

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:51, December 20, 2005
Line 20:		Line 20:
	The events that followed the assassination of Lambrakis lead to rapid political developments. Prime Minister [[Constantine Karamanlis]] resigned and fled to Paris in July 1963. The Marathon Peace Rally became an annual event in Lambrakis's memory. Thousands of Greek youths formed a new political organisation called The Neolaia Lambraki (Νεολαία Λαμπράκη - Lambrakis Youth); the first secretary of Neolaia Lambraki was Mikis Theodorakis, one of Lambrakis's friends and fellow activists. This liberal political organisation played a decisive role in Greece's left-wing democratic movement of the 1960s.		The events that followed the assassination of Lambrakis lead to rapid political developments. Prime Minister [[Constantine Karamanlis]] resigned and fled to Paris in July 1963. The Marathon Peace Rally became an annual event in Lambrakis's memory. Thousands of Greek youths formed a new political organisation called The Neolaia Lambraki (Νεολαία Λαμπράκη - Lambrakis Youth); the first secretary of Neolaia Lambraki was Mikis Theodorakis, one of Lambrakis's friends and fellow activists. This liberal political organisation played a decisive role in Greece's left-wing democratic movement of the 1960s.

		+	[[Image:Lambrakis-c_03.jpg\|frame\|[[Gregoris Lambrakis]]' funeral. May [[1963]].]]
	The life and death of Gregoris Lambrakis inspired the author [[Vassilis Vassilikos]] to write the political novel ''"Z"''. The title stands for the first letter of the Greek word "Zei" (''"He is alive!"''), a popular slogan which began to appear on the walls of the buildings of the Greek cities in the 1960s, illustrating the growing protest against the conditions that led to the assassination of Lambrakis. In [[1969]], the Greek film director [[Costa-Gavras]] (Κώστας Γαβράς) made the film ''[[Z (film)\|Z]]'', which was a great success. Yves Montand starred as Lambrakis, Jean-Louis Trintignant as investigator Sartzetakis and [[Irene Papas]] as Lambrakis's widow.		The life and death of Gregoris Lambrakis inspired the author [[Vassilis Vassilikos]] to write the political novel ''"Z"''. The title stands for the first letter of the Greek word "Zei" (''"He is alive!"''), a popular slogan which began to appear on the walls of the buildings of the Greek cities in the 1960s, illustrating the growing protest against the conditions that led to the assassination of Lambrakis. In [[1969]], the Greek film director [[Costa-Gavras]] (Κώστας Γαβράς) made the film ''[[Z (film)\|Z]]'', which was a great success. Yves Montand starred as Lambrakis, Jean-Louis Trintignant as investigator Sartzetakis and [[Irene Papas]] as Lambrakis's widow.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:38, November 19, 2005
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	'''Gregoris Lambrakis''' (~~Γρηγόρης Λαμπράκης~~) ([[April 3]] [[1912]]–[[May 27]] [[1963]]) was a [[Greece\|Greek]] [[politician]], [[physician]], and member of the faculty of the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].	+	[[Image:Gregoris_lambrakis.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|left\|MP Gregoris Lambrakis marching alone in the banned Marathon–Athens Peace Rally on Sunday [[April 21]] [[1963]], one month before his assassination]]
		+	'''Gregoris Lambrakis''' (Γρηγόρης Λαμπράκης) ([[April 3]] [[1912]]–[[May 27]] [[1963]]) was a [[Greece\|Greek]] [[politician]], [[physician]], and member of the faculty of the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].

	Lambrakis was born in the village of [[Kerasitsa]] in the district of [[Tegea]] ([[Arcadia prefecture]], the [[Peloponnesus]]). After finishing high school in his home town, he moved to [[Athens]] to enter the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].		Lambrakis was born in the village of [[Kerasitsa]] in the district of [[Tegea]] ([[Arcadia prefecture]], the [[Peloponnesus]]). After finishing high school in his home town, he moved to [[Athens]] to enter the School of Medicine at the [[University of Athens]].