King Otto - Revision history

Irlandos at 10:35, November 1, 2007

2007-11-01T10:35:02Z

Irlandos at 12:52, April 18, 2007

2007-04-18T12:52:49Z

Irlandos at 18:34, September 7, 2006

2006-09-07T18:34:32Z

Irlandos at 18:33, September 7, 2006

2006-09-07T18:33:25Z

Irlandos at 18:31, September 7, 2006

2006-09-07T18:31:09Z

Lazarus at 22:54, June 1, 2006

2006-06-01T22:54:25Z

Lazarus at 22:53, June 1, 2006

2006-06-01T22:53:38Z

Irlandos at 14:36, December 28, 2005

2005-12-28T14:36:31Z

Irlandos at 08:12, December 21, 2005

2005-12-21T08:12:02Z

Lazarus at 15:34, September 1, 2005

2005-09-01T15:34:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:35, November 1, 2007
Line 28:		Line 28:
	[[Category:1867 deaths\|Otto, King]]		[[Category:1867 deaths\|Otto, King]]
	[[Category:Greek monarchs\|Otto, King]]		[[Category:Greek monarchs\|Otto, King]]
		+	[[Category:Greek heads of state\|Otto, King]]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 He was born in Salzburg, Austria, the son of King Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Altenburg ([[1792]]-[[1854]]). Through his ancestor the Bavarian Duke John II Wittelsbach, Otto was a descendant of the Greek Imperial dynasties of Comnenos and Laskaris.
-Not quite 18, the young prince entered [[Greece]] with three Bavarian advisors in a [[Bavarian Rule|council of regency]] headed by Count [[Josef Ludwig von Armansperg]], who as minister of finance, had recently succeeded in restoring Bavarian credit at the cost of his popularity. The United Kingdom and the Rothschild bank, who were underwriting the Greek loans, insisted on financial stringency on Armansperg. The Greeks were soon more heavily taxed than under Turkish rule; they had exchanged a hated Ottoman tyranny, which they understood, for government by bureaucracy, which they despised. In addition, Otto showed little respect for local customs. As a staunch Catholic, and thus considered a heretic among the Greeks, he never changed his religion since he was guaranteed, under the constitutional provisions as the first King of a new Greek dynasty, that he could remain a Catholic. His heirs, however, had he had any, would have would have to be Orthodox.
+Not quite 18, the young prince entered [[Greece]], on [[February 6]] ([[January 25]] OS), [[1833]], with three Bavarian advisors in a [[Bavarian Rule|council of regency]] headed by Count [[Josef Ludwig von Armansperg]], who as minister of finance, had recently succeeded in restoring Bavarian credit at the cost of his popularity. The United Kingdom and the Rothschild bank, who were underwriting the Greek loans, insisted on financial stringency on Armansperg. The Greeks were soon more heavily taxed than under Turkish rule; they had exchanged a hated Ottoman tyranny, which they understood, for government by bureaucracy, which they despised. In addition, Otto showed little respect for local customs. As a staunch Catholic, and thus considered a heretic among the Greeks, he never changed his religion since he was guaranteed, under the constitutional provisions as the first King of a new Greek dynasty, that he could remain a Catholic. His heirs, however, had he had any, would have would have to be Orthodox.
 In [[1837]] Otto visited Germany and married the beautiful and talented [[Queen Amalia|Princess Amelie of Oldenburg]] ([[December 21]], [[1818]] - [[May 20]], [[1875]]). The wedding took place not in Greece, but in Oldenburg, on [[November 22]], [[1836]]; the marriage did not produce an heir and the new queen made herself unpopular by interfering in the government.

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 He was born in Salzburg, Austria, the son of King Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Altenburg ([[1792]]-[[1854]]). Through his ancestor the Bavarian Duke John II Wittelsbach, Otto was a descendant of the Greek Imperial dynasties of Comnenos and Laskaris.
-Not quite 18, the young prince entered [[Greece]] with many Bavarian advisors in a council of regency headed by Count [[Josef Ludwig von Armansperg]], who as minister of finance, had recently succeeded in restoring Bavarian credit at the cost of his popularity. The United Kingdom and the Rothschild bank, who were underwriting the Greek loans, insisted on financial stringency on Armansperg. The Greeks were soon more heavily taxed than under Turkish rule; they had exchanged a hated Ottoman tyranny, which they understood, for government by bureaucracy, which they despised. In addition, Otto showed little respect for local customs. As a staunch Catholic, and thus considered a heretic among the Greeks, he never changed his religion since he was guaranteed, under the constitutional provisions as the first King of a new Greek dynasty, that he could remain a Catholic. His heirs, however, had he had any, would have would have to be Orthodox.
+Not quite 18, the young prince entered [[Greece]] with three Bavarian advisors in a [[Bavarian Rule|council of regency]] headed by Count [[Josef Ludwig von Armansperg]], who as minister of finance, had recently succeeded in restoring Bavarian credit at the cost of his popularity. The United Kingdom and the Rothschild bank, who were underwriting the Greek loans, insisted on financial stringency on Armansperg. The Greeks were soon more heavily taxed than under Turkish rule; they had exchanged a hated Ottoman tyranny, which they understood, for government by bureaucracy, which they despised. In addition, Otto showed little respect for local customs. As a staunch Catholic, and thus considered a heretic among the Greeks, he never changed his religion since he was guaranteed, under the constitutional provisions as the first King of a new Greek dynasty, that he could remain a Catholic. His heirs, however, had he had any, would have would have to be Orthodox.
 In [[1837]] Otto visited Germany and married the beautiful and talented [[Queen Amalia|Princess Amelie of Oldenburg]] ([[December 21]], [[1818]] - [[May 20]], [[1875]]). The wedding took place not in Greece, but in Oldenburg, on [[November 22]], [[1836]]; the marriage did not produce an heir and the new queen made herself unpopular by interfering in the government.

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 He was born in Salzburg, Austria, the son of King Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Altenburg ([[1792]]-[[1854]]). Through his ancestor the Bavarian Duke John II Wittelsbach, Otto was a descendant of the Greek Imperial dynasties of Comnenos and Laskaris.
-Not quite 18, the young prince entered [[Greece]] with many Bavarian advisors in a council of regency headed by Count [[Josef Ludwig von Armansperg]], who as minister of finance, had recently succeeded in restoring Bavarian credit at the cost of his popularity. The United Kingdom and the Rothschild bank, who were underwriting the Greek loans, insisted on financial stringency on Armansperg. The Greeks were soon more heavily taxed than under Turkish rule; they had exchanged a hated Ottoman] tyranny, which they understood, for government by bureaucracy, which they despised. In addition, Otto showed little respect for local customs. As a staunch Catholic, and thus considered a heretic among the Greeks, he never changed his religion since he was guaranteed, under the constitutional provisions as the first King of a new Greek dynasty, that he could remain a Catholic. His heirs, however, had he had any, would have would have to be Orthodox.
+Not quite 18, the young prince entered [[Greece]] with many Bavarian advisors in a council of regency headed by Count [[Josef Ludwig von Armansperg]], who as minister of finance, had recently succeeded in restoring Bavarian credit at the cost of his popularity. The United Kingdom and the Rothschild bank, who were underwriting the Greek loans, insisted on financial stringency on Armansperg. The Greeks were soon more heavily taxed than under Turkish rule; they had exchanged a hated Ottoman tyranny, which they understood, for government by bureaucracy, which they despised. In addition, Otto showed little respect for local customs. As a staunch Catholic, and thus considered a heretic among the Greeks, he never changed his religion since he was guaranteed, under the constitutional provisions as the first King of a new Greek dynasty, that he could remain a Catholic. His heirs, however, had he had any, would have would have to be Orthodox.
 In [[1837]] Otto visited Germany and married the beautiful and talented [[Queen Amalia|Princess Amelie of Oldenburg]] ([[December 21]], [[1818]] - [[May 20]], [[1875]]). The wedding took place not in Greece, but in Oldenburg, on [[November 22]], [[1836]]; the marriage did not produce an heir and the new queen made herself unpopular by interfering in the government.
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 An attempt to gain Greek favour by efforts to acquire [[Crete]] in [[1841]] failed to materialize and only succeeded in embroiling him with the [[Great Powers]].
-Initially Otto refused to grant a constitution, but was forced to do so after a [[military coup]], which occurred as soon as German troops were withdrawn from the kingdom, in [[1843]]. Now for the first time he had Greeks in his council. His prestige suffered by the  "[[Pacifico incident]]" of [[1850]], when British Prime Minister Palmerston sent the British fleet to blockade the [[Piraeus]] port with warships, to exact reparation for injustice done to a British subject.
+Initially Otto refused to grant a constitution, but was forced to do so after a military coup, which occurred as soon as German troops were withdrawn from the kingdom, in [[1843]]. Now for the first time he had Greeks in his council. His prestige suffered by the  "[[Pacifico incident]]" of [[1850]], when British Prime Minister Palmerston sent the British fleet to blockade the [[Piraeus]] port with warships, to exact reparation for a perceived injustice done to a British subject.
 The "[[Great Idea]]", Greece's dream of restoring the [[Byzantine Empire]] under Christian rule, led to his wish to enter the Crimean War against Turkey; the enterprise was unsuccessful and resulted in a British blocade.  In [[1861]] a student named Drusios attempted to murder the queen, and was openly hailed as a hero. After another coup in [[1862]], a provisional government was set up and summoned a national convention. The king and queen took refuge on a British warship and returned to Bavaria, taking with them the Greek royal regalia which he had brought from Bavaria in 1832.

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 He was born in Salzburg, Austria, the son of King Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Altenburg ([[1792]]-[[1854]]). Through his ancestor the Bavarian Duke John II Wittelsbach, Otto was a descendant of the Greek Imperial dynasties of Comnenos and Laskaris.
-Not quite 18, the young prince entered [[Greece]] with many Bavarian advisors in a council of regency headed by Count Josef Ludwig von Armansperg, who as minister of finance, had recently succeeded in restoring Bavarian credit at the cost of his popularity. The United Kingdom and the Rothschild bank, who were underwriting the Greek loans, insisted on financial stringency on Armansperg. The Greeks were soon more heavily taxed than under Turkish rule; they had exchanged a hated Ottoman] tyranny, which they understood, for government by bureaucracy, which they despised. In addition, Otto showed little respect for local customs. As a staunch Catholic, and thus considered a heretic among the Greeks, he never changed his religion since he was guaranteed, under the constitutional provisions as the first King of a new Greek dynasty, that he could remain a Catholic. His heirs, however, had he had any, would have would have to be Orthodox.
+Not quite 18, the young prince entered [[Greece]] with many Bavarian advisors in a council of regency headed by Count [[Josef Ludwig von Armansperg]], who as minister of finance, had recently succeeded in restoring Bavarian credit at the cost of his popularity. The United Kingdom and the Rothschild bank, who were underwriting the Greek loans, insisted on financial stringency on Armansperg. The Greeks were soon more heavily taxed than under Turkish rule; they had exchanged a hated Ottoman] tyranny, which they understood, for government by bureaucracy, which they despised. In addition, Otto showed little respect for local customs. As a staunch Catholic, and thus considered a heretic among the Greeks, he never changed his religion since he was guaranteed, under the constitutional provisions as the first King of a new Greek dynasty, that he could remain a Catholic. His heirs, however, had he had any, would have would have to be Orthodox.
 In [[1837]] Otto visited Germany and married the beautiful and talented [[Queen Amalia|Princess Amelie of Oldenburg]] ([[December 21]], [[1818]] - [[May 20]], [[1875]]). The wedding took place not in Greece, but in Oldenburg, on [[November 22]], [[1836]]; the marriage did not produce an heir and the new queen made herself unpopular by interfering in the government.
@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 Initially Otto refused to grant a constitution, but was forced to do so after a [[military coup]], which occurred as soon as German troops were withdrawn from the kingdom, in [[1843]]. Now for the first time he had Greeks in his council. His prestige suffered by the  "[[Pacifico incident]]" of [[1850]], when British Prime Minister Palmerston sent the British fleet to blockade the [[Piraeus]] port with warships, to exact reparation for injustice done to a British subject.
-The "[[Great Idea]]", Greece's dream of restoring the [[Byzantine Empire]] under Christian rule, led to his entering the Crimean War against Turkey; the enterprise was unsuccessful.  In [[1861]] a student named Drusios attempted to murder the queen, and was openly hailed as a hero. After another coup in [[1862]], a provisional government was set up and summoned a national convention. The king and queen took refuge on a British warship and returned to Bavaria, taking with them the Greek royal regalia which he had brought from Bavaria in 1832.
+The "[[Great Idea]]", Greece's dream of restoring the [[Byzantine Empire]] under Christian rule, led to his wish to enter the Crimean War against Turkey; the enterprise was unsuccessful and resulted in a British blocade.  In [[1861]] a student named Drusios attempted to murder the queen, and was openly hailed as a hero. After another coup in [[1862]], a provisional government was set up and summoned a national convention. The king and queen took refuge on a British warship and returned to Bavaria, taking with them the Greek royal regalia which he had brought from Bavaria in 1832.
-He died in the palace of the former bishops of Bamberg, Germany, and was buried in Munich. During his retirement, he would still wear the traditional uniform nowadays worn only by the [[evzones]]; during the rebellion in [[Crete]] against the [[Ottoman Empire]] in [[1866]], Otto donated most of his fortune to support the Cretan rebellion by supplying it with arms.
+He died in the palace of the former bishops of Bamberg, Germany, and was buried in Munich. During his retirement, he would still wear the traditional uniform nowadays worn only by the [[evzones]]; during the rebellion in [[Crete]] against the Ottoman Empire in [[1866]], Otto donated most of his fortune to support the Cretan rebellion by supplying it with arms.
 {{start box}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:54, June 1, 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	[[Image:King_Otto_of_Greece-01.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|King Otto of Greece adopted the native Greek garment the [[~~Foustanella~~]] which eventually became the official dress of King Otto's court.]]	+	[[Image:King_Otto_of_Greece-01.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|King Otto of Greece adopted the native Greek garment the [[Fustanella]] which eventually became the official dress of King Otto's court.]]
	'''Otto of Wittelsbach, Prince of Bavaria''' and '''King of Greece''' (Salzburg, [[June 1]], [[1815]] - Bamberg, [[July 26]], [[1867]]) was made the first modern king of [[Greece]] in [[1832]] under the [[Treaty of London, 1832\|Convention of London]], whereby Greece became a new independent kingdom under the protection of the United Kingdom, France and Russia.		'''Otto of Wittelsbach, Prince of Bavaria''' and '''King of Greece''' (Salzburg, [[June 1]], [[1815]] - Bamberg, [[July 26]], [[1867]]) was made the first modern king of [[Greece]] in [[1832]] under the [[Treaty of London, 1832\|Convention of London]], whereby Greece became a new independent kingdom under the protection of the United Kingdom, France and Russia.

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:53, June 1, 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	[[Image:King_Otto_of_Greece-01.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|King Otto of Greece adopted the native Greek garment the [[Foustanella]] which eventually became the official dress of King Otto's court.]]
	'''Otto of Wittelsbach, Prince of Bavaria''' and '''King of Greece''' (Salzburg, [[June 1]], [[1815]] - Bamberg, [[July 26]], [[1867]]) was made the first modern king of [[Greece]] in [[1832]] under the [[Treaty of London, 1832\|Convention of London]], whereby Greece became a new independent kingdom under the protection of the United Kingdom, France and Russia.		'''Otto of Wittelsbach, Prince of Bavaria''' and '''King of Greece''' (Salzburg, [[June 1]], [[1815]] - Bamberg, [[July 26]], [[1867]]) was made the first modern king of [[Greece]] in [[1832]] under the [[Treaty of London, 1832\|Convention of London]], whereby Greece became a new independent kingdom under the protection of the United Kingdom, France and Russia.

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 {{succession box|
   before=[[Augustinos Kapodistrias]] (Governor)|
-  title=[[Kings of Greece|King of the Hellenes]]|
+  title=[[King of the Hellenes]]|
   years=[[1832]]&ndash;[[1862]]|
   after=[[King George I|George I]]
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 [[Category:1815 births|Otto, King]]
 [[Category:1867 deaths|Otto, King]]