Manolis Glezos - Revision history

Irlandos at 16:08, March 30, 2020

2020-03-30T16:08:33Z

Irlandos at 16:06, March 30, 2020

2020-03-30T16:06:33Z

Irlandos at 16:00, March 30, 2020

2020-03-30T16:00:33Z

Irlandos at 12:31, September 10, 2007

2007-09-10T12:31:24Z

Irlandos at 19:06, May 21, 2006

2006-05-21T19:06:00Z

Irlandos at 19:04, May 21, 2006

2006-05-21T19:04:50Z

New page

'''Manolis Glezos''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: Μανώλης Γλέζος) is a Greek left wing politician, notable for his participation in the [[World War II]] [[Greek Resistance|resistance]].

Born [[September 9]], [[1922]] in the village of [[Apiranthos]] (or [[Aperathu]]), [[Naxos]], Glezos moved to [[Athens]] in [[1935]] together with his family, where he finished high school. During his high school years in Athens he also worked as a pharmacy employee. In [[1939]] he created an anti-fascist youth group against the Italian occupation of the [[Dodecanese]] and the dictatorship of [[Ioannis Metaxas]].

He was admitted to the [[Athens University of Economics and Business|Higher School of Economic and Commercial Studies]] in [[1940]]. At the onset of the WWII he asked to join the Greek army in the Albanian front, but he was rejected because he was under age. Instead, he worked as a volunteer for the Hellenic Ministry of Economics.

During the Nazi occupation of [[Greece]] worked for the Hellenic Red Cross and the municipality of Athens, while actively involved in the resistance.

On [[May 30]], [[1941]], he and [[Apostolos Santas]] tore down the Swastika flying from the [[Acropolis, Athens|Acropolis]]. Their act inspired the Greeks to resist against the occupation, and established them both as two of the most respected WWII veterans. The Nazi regime responded by sentencing Glezos and Santas to death ''in absentia''.

Glezos was arrested by the German occupation forces on [[March 24]], [[1942]], and he was subjected to imprisonment and torture. As a result of this treatment, he was gravely affected by tuberculosis. He was arrested on [[April 21]], [[1943]] by the Italian occupation forces and spent three months in jail. In [[February 7]], [[1944]] he was arrested again, this time by Greek Nazi collaborators. He spent another seven and a half months in jail, until he finally escaped on [[September 21]] of the same year.

However, the end of the war was not the end of Glezos' plight. On [[March 3]], [[1948]] he was put to trial for his political convictions and sentenced to death multiple times. However, his death sentences were not executed, because of the public outcry. His death penalties were reduced to a life sentence in [[1950]].

Even though he was still imprisoned, Manolis Glezos was elected member of the Hellenic Parliament in [[1951]], under the flag of the [[United Democratic Left]] (EDA). Upon his election, he went on a hunger strike demanding the release of his fellow EDA MPs that were imprisoned or exiled in the Greek islands. He ended his hunger strike upon the release of 7 MPs from their exile. He was released from prison on [[July 16]], [[1954]].

On [[December 5]], [[1958]] he was arrested and convicted for [[espionage]], which was common pretext for the persecution of the supporters of the left during the [[Cold War]]. His release on [[December 15]], [[1962]] was a result of the public outcry in Greece and abroad. During his second term of post-war political imprisonment, Glezos was reelected MP with EDA in [[1961]].

At the ''coup d'etat'' of [[April 21]], [[1967]], Glezos was arrested at 2am, together with the rest of the political leaders. During the ''Regime of the Colonels'', the military dictatorship led by [[George Papadopoulos]], he suffered yet another four years of imprisonment and exile until his release in [[1971]].

The aftermath of Manolis Glezos' political persecution, from WWII to the [[Greek Civil War]] and the ''Regime of the Colonels'' is 11 years and 4 months of imprisonment, and 4 years and 6 months of exile.

For a long time Manolis Glezos withdrew from mainstream politics, except for an unsuccessful attempt to revive EDA (in which he was secretary until 1985 and president from 1985 until 1989), in order to focus on the community of [[Aperathu]] and try to implement a local [[grassroots democracy]] experiment. He ran for president of the community council, and he was elected by a landslide. Then, he essentially abolished the privileges of the council, introducing a "constitution" and establishing a local [[assembly]] that had total control over the community administration. This model worked for several years, but in the long term the interest of the rest of his community wore off and the assembly was abandoned.

In the consecutive legislative elections of [[1981]] and [[1985]], Glezos was elected a member of the Hellenic Parliament, this time with the [[Panhellenic Socialist Movement]]. In [[1984]] he became a member of the European Parliament.

In the [[Greek legislative election, 2000|2000 Greek legislative election]] he led the state MP ticket of the [[Synaspismos]] party of the radical left. In [[2002]], he formed the political group called ''Active Citizens'', and he ran as a candidate prefect for [[Attica]] achieving 10.79%. The Active Citizens are part of [[Coalition of the Radical Left]], an alliance with [[Synaspismos]] (in English ''Coalition'') and other minor parties of the Greek left, which took part in the [[Greek legislative election, 2004|2004 Greek legislative election]].

Manolis Glezos was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize in [[1963]].
He was pronounced honorary Doctor of Philosophy of the [[University of Patras]] in [[1996]], of the [[Aristotle University of Thessaloniki]] in 2001, and of the [[National Technical University of Athens]] in 2003.

Apart from his political work, Glezos has invented a system to prevent floods, combat erosion and preserve underground water, that works by collecting rain water inside wells in order to direct it to aquifers. He also frequently writes articles in Greek newspapers since 1942, and has published four books in Greek:

* ''"The history of book"'' («Η ιστορία του βιβλιού», [[1974]]);
* ''"From dictatorship to Democracy"'' («Από τη δικτατορία στη ∆ηµοκρατία», 1974);
* ''"The phenomenon of alienation in the language"'' («Το φαινόµενο της αλλοτρίωσης στη γλώσσα», [[1977]]);
* ''"The conscience of the rocky earth"'', («Η συνείδηση της πετραίας γης», [[1997]]).

{{Credit wikipedia}}

[[Category:1922 births|Glezos, Manolis]]
[[Category:Greek politicians|Glezos, Manolis]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:06, March 30, 2020
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	[[Image:Manolis_Glezos_Soviet_stamp.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|left\|Manolis Glezos from a 1959 Soviet stamp]]
	'''Manolis Glezos''' ([[Greek language\|Greek]]: Μανώλης Γλέζος) was a Greek left wing politician, notable for his participation in the [[World War II]] [[Greek Resistance\|resistance]].		'''Manolis Glezos''' ([[Greek language\|Greek]]: Μανώλης Γλέζος) was a Greek left wing politician, notable for his participation in the [[World War II]] [[Greek Resistance\|resistance]].

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:31, September 10, 2007
Line 42:		Line 42:
	[[Category:1922 births\|Glezos, Manolis]]		[[Category:1922 births\|Glezos, Manolis]]
	[[Category:Greek politicians\|Glezos, Manolis]]		[[Category:Greek politicians\|Glezos, Manolis]]
		+	[[Category:Greek Resistance\|Glezos, Manolis]]

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 However, the end of the war was not the end of Glezos' plight. On [[March 3]], [[1948]] he was put to trial for his political convictions and sentenced to death multiple times. However, his death sentences were not executed, because of the public outcry. His death penalties were reduced to a life sentence in [[1950]].
-Even though he was still imprisoned, Manolis Glezos was elected member of the Hellenic Parliament in [[1951]], under the flag of the [[United Democratic Left]] (EDA). Upon his election, he went on a hunger strike demanding the release of his fellow EDA MPs that were imprisoned or exiled in the Greek islands. He ended his hunger strike upon the release of 7 MPs from their exile. He was released from prison on [[July 16]], [[1954]].
+Even though he was still imprisoned, Manolis Glezos was elected member of the [[Hellenic Parliament]] in [[1951]], under the flag of the [[United Democratic Left]] (EDA). Upon his election, he went on a hunger strike demanding the release of his fellow EDA MPs that were imprisoned or exiled in the Greek islands. He ended his hunger strike upon the release of 7 MPs from their exile. He was released from prison on [[July 16]], [[1954]].
 On [[December 5]], [[1958]] he was arrested and convicted for espionage, which was common pretext for the persecution of the supporters of the left during the Cold War. His release on [[December 15]], [[1962]] was a result of the public outcry in Greece and abroad. During his second term of post-war political imprisonment, Glezos was reelected MP with EDA in [[1961]].
-At the ''coup d'etat'' of [[April 21]], [[1967]], Glezos was arrested at 2am, together with the rest of the political leaders. During the ''Regime of the Colonels'', the military dictatorship led by [[George Papadopoulos]], he suffered yet another four years of imprisonment and exile until his release in [[1971]].
+At the ''coup d'etat'' of [[April 21]], [[1967]], Glezos was arrested at 2am, together with the rest of the political leaders. During the ''[[Junta|Regime of the Colonels]]'', the military dictatorship led by [[George Papadopoulos]], he suffered yet another four years of imprisonment and exile until his release in [[1971]].
 The aftermath of Manolis Glezos' political persecution, from WWII to the [[Greek Civil War]] and the ''Regime of the Colonels'' is 11 years and 4 months of imprisonment, and 4 years and 6 months of exile.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Manolis Glezos''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: Μανώλης Γλέζος) is a Greek left wing politician, notable for his participation in the [[World War II]] [[Greek Resistance|resistance]].
+'''Manolis Glezos''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: Μανώλης Γλέζος) was a Greek left wing politician, notable for his participation in the [[World War II]] [[Greek Resistance|resistance]].
 Born [[September 9]], [[1922]] in the village of [[Apiranthos]] (or [[Aperathu]]), [[Naxos]], Glezos moved to [[Athens]] in [[1935]] together with his family, where he finished high school. During his high school years in Athens he also worked as a pharmacy employee. In [[1939]] he created an anti-fascist youth group against the Italian occupation of the [[Dodecanese]] and the dictatorship of [[Ioannis Metaxas]].
-He was admitted to the [[Athens University of Economics and Business|Higher School of Economic and Commercial Studies]] in [[1940]]. At the onset of the WWII he asked to join the Greek army in the Albanian front, but he was rejected because he was under age. Instead, he worked as a volunteer for the Hellenic Ministry of Economics.
+He was admitted to the [[Athens University of Economics and Business|Higher School of Economic and Commercial Studies]] in [[1940]]. At the onset of the [[World War II|WWII]], he asked to join the Greek army in the Albanian front, but he was rejected because he was under age. Instead, he worked as a volunteer for the Hellenic Ministry of Economics.
-During the Nazi occupation of [[Greece]] worked for the Hellenic Red Cross and the municipality of Athens, while actively involved in the resistance.
+During the Nazi occupation of [[Greece]] Glezos worked for the Hellenic Red Cross and the municipality of [[Athens]], while actively involved in the resistance.
 On [[May 30]], [[1941]], he and [[Apostolos Santas]] tore down the Swastika flying from the [[Acropolis, Athens|Acropolis]]. Their act inspired the Greeks to resist against the occupation, and established them both as two of the most respected WWII veterans. The Nazi regime responded by sentencing Glezos and Santas to death ''in absentia''.
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 The aftermath of Manolis Glezos' political persecution, from WWII to the [[Greek Civil War]] and the ''Regime of the Colonels'' is 11 years and 4 months of imprisonment, and 4 years and 6 months of exile.
-For a long time Manolis Glezos withdrew from mainstream politics, except for an unsuccessful attempt to revive EDA (in which he was secretary until 1985 and president from 1985 until 1989), in order to focus on the community of [[Aperathu]] and try to implement a local grassroots democracy experiment. He ran for president of the community council, and he was elected by a landslide. Then, he essentially abolished the privileges of the council, introducing a "constitution" and establishing a local assembly that had total control over the community administration. This model worked for several years, but in the long term the interest of the rest of his community wore off and the assembly was abandoned.
+For a long time Manolis Glezos withdrew from mainstream politics, except for an unsuccessful attempt to revive EDA (in which he was secretary until [[1985]] and president from 1985 until [[1989]]), in order to focus on the community of [[Aperathu]] and try to implement a local grassroots democracy experiment. He ran for president of the community council, and he was elected by a landslide. Then, he essentially abolished the privileges of the council, introducing a "constitution" and establishing a local assembly that had total control over the community administration. This model worked for several years, but in the long term the interest of the rest of his community wore off and the assembly was abandoned.
 In the consecutive legislative elections of [[1981]] and [[1985]], Glezos was elected a member of the Hellenic Parliament, this time with the [[Panhellenic Socialist Movement]]. In [[1984]] he became a member of the European Parliament.
@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 He was pronounced honorary Doctor of Philosophy of the [[University of Patras]] in [[1996]], of the [[Aristotle University of Thessaloniki]] in 2001, and of the [[National Technical University of Athens]] in 2003.
-Apart from his political work, Glezos has invented a system to prevent floods, combat erosion and preserve underground water, that works by collecting rain water inside wells in order to direct it to aquifers. He also frequently writes articles in Greek newspapers since 1942, and has published four books in Greek:
+Apart from his political work, Glezos invented a system to prevent floods, combat erosion and preserve underground water, that works by collecting rain water inside wells in order to direct it to aquifers. He also frequently wrote articles in Greek newspapers and published four books in Greek:
 * ''"The history of book"'' («Η ιστορία του βιβλιού», [[1974]]);
@@ Line 36: / Line 36: @@
 * ''"The phenomenon of alienation in the language"'' («Το φαινόµενο της αλλοτρίωσης στη γλώσσα», [[1977]]);
 * ''"The conscience of the rocky earth"'', («Η συνείδηση της πετραίας γης», [[1997]]).
@@ Line 41: / Line 43: @@
 [[Category:1922 births|Glezos, Manolis]]
 [[Category:Greek politicians|Glezos, Manolis]]
 [[Category:Greek Resistance|Glezos, Manolis]]