Angellight 888 at 15:40, March 8, 2009

2009-03-08T15:40:09Z

Irlandos at 14:54, March 26, 2007

2007-03-26T14:54:26Z

Irlandos at 11:57, October 15, 2005

2005-10-15T11:57:35Z

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'''Pergamos''' or '''Pergamum''' (Turkish '''Bergama''') was a [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] city, in northwestern [[Anatolia]], 16 miles from the [[Aegean Sea]], located on a promontory on the north side of the river [[Caicus River|Caicus]] (modern day Bakir), that became an important kingdom during the [[Hellenic civilization|Hellenistic period]], under the [[Attalid dynasty]], [[282 BC|282]]–[[129 BC]].

The Attalids, the descendants of [[Attalus]], the father of [[Philetaerus]] who came to power in [[282 BC]], were among the most loyal supporters of Rome among the Hellenistic successor states. Under [[Attalus I]], they allied with Rome against [[Philip V of Macedon]], during the [[First Macedonian War|first]] and [[Second Macedonian War|second]] [[Macedonian Wars]], and again under [[Eumenes II]], against [[Perseus of Macedon]], during the [[Third Macedonian War]]. For support against the [[Seleucid dynasty|Seleucids]], the Attalids were rewarded with all the former Seleucid domains in [[Asia Minor]].

The Attalids ruled with intelligence and generosity. Many documents survive showing how the Attalids would support the growth of towns through sending in skilled artisans and by remitting taxes. They allowed the Greek cities in their domains to maintain nominal independence. They sent gifts to Greek cultural sites like [[Delphi]], [[Delos]], and [[Athens]]. They defeated the invading Celts. They remodeled the acropolis of Pergamum after the [[Acropolis]] in Athens. The Great Altar of Pergamon is in the Pergamon Museum of Berlin.

Pergamos had the second best library in the ancient world, after [[Alexandria]]. When the [[Ptolemaic dynasty|Ptolemies]] stopped exporting [[papyrus]], partly because of competitors and partly because of shortages, the Pergamenes invented a new substance to use in codices, called ''pergamum'' or parchment after the city. This was made of fine calf skin, a predecessor of vellum and paper.

When [[Attalus III of Pergamum|Attalus III]] died without an heir in [[133 BC]] he bequeathed Pergamum to Rome, in order to prevent a civil war.

In the [[1st century|first century AD]], the Christian Church at Pergamos was one of the Seven Churches to which the Book of Revelation was addressed.

==External links==
*[http://ozhanozturk.com/content/view/388/1/ Encyclopaedia of Turkey: Ancient Pergamum]
*[http://www.usd.edu/~clehmann/pir/asiamysi.htm Rosa Valderrama, "Pergamum"]: brief history
*[http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Arts/Pergamon.htm Pergamon art]
*[http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/bergama_turkey Photographic tour of old and new Pergammon, including the museum]

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:40, March 8, 2009
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	[[Category:Asia Minor]]		[[Category:Asia Minor]]
		+	[[Category:History of Anatolia]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:54, March 26, 2007
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	*[http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Arts/Pergamon.htm Pergamon art]		*[http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Arts/Pergamon.htm Pergamon art]
	*[http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/bergama_turkey Photographic tour of old and new Pergammon, including the museum]		*[http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/bergama_turkey Photographic tour of old and new Pergammon, including the museum]
		+
		+	[[Category:Asia Minor]]

Pergamos - Revision history

Angellight 888 at 15:40, March 8, 2009

Irlandos at 14:54, March 26, 2007

Irlandos at 11:57, October 15, 2005