Timeline of Orthodoxy in Greece - Revision history

Irlandos: /* Military Dictatorship (1967-1974) */

2012-03-19T14:43:18Z

Military Dictatorship (1967-1974)

Irlandos: /* Second Hellenic Republic (1924-1935) */

2012-03-19T14:40:30Z

Second Hellenic Republic (1924-1935)

Angellight 888: /* Third Hellenic Republic (1974-Present) */ 2009

2009-04-07T23:23:05Z

Third Hellenic Republic (1974-Present): 2009

Angellight 888: /* Third Hellenic Republic (1974-Present) */ 2009

2009-03-03T22:52:01Z

Third Hellenic Republic (1974-Present): 2009

Angellight 888 at 03:01, February 25, 2009

2009-02-25T03:01:42Z

Angellight 888 at 03:01, February 25, 2009

2009-02-25T03:01:00Z

Angellight 888 at 02:29, February 25, 2009

2009-02-25T02:29:52Z

Angellight 888: /* Early Byzantine era (451-843) */ 630,32,33,34,39,46,85

2009-02-25T02:28:29Z

Early Byzantine era (451-843): 630,32,33,34,39,46,85

Angellight 888: /* Early Byzantine era (451-843) */ 577

2009-02-23T22:58:39Z

Early Byzantine era (451-843): 577

Angellight 888: /* Early Byzantine era (451-843) */ 540;543;544;556;562;565;575;576;580;582;594

2009-02-23T22:51:36Z

Early Byzantine era (451-843): 540;543;544;556;562;565;575;576;580;582;594

@@ Line 470: / Line 470: @@
 *1968 Orthodox Academy of Crete (OAC) founded.
 *1970 Death of Amphilochios (Makris) of Patmos.
-*1971 Theological School of Halki, Orthodoxy's most prominent theological school, is closed by Turkish authorities breaching Article 40 of the [[Treaty of Lausanne|Lausanne Treaty]] and Article 24 of the Turkish Constitution which both guarantee religious freedom and education.
+*1971 The [[Theological School of Halki]], Orthodoxy's most prominent theological school, is closed by Turkish authorities breaching Article 40 of the [[Treaty of Lausanne|Lausanne Treaty]] and Article 24 of the Turkish Constitution which both guarantee religious freedom and education.
-*1972 Ecclesiastical coup in Cyprus fails to remove Makarios from the Presidency.
+*1972 Ecclesiastical coup in Cyprus fails to remove [[Makarios III|Makarios]] from the Presidency.
 *1974  [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus]], Turkish forces advance capturing the 37% of the island, 3,000 are killed or missing, 200,000 become refugees; the Monarchy is voted out by a plebiscite vote of 69%.

@@ Line 438: / Line 438: @@
 *1925 School of Theology established at the ''[[Aristotle University|Aristotle University of Thessaloniki]]''.
 *1925-45 Emigration of fewer than 30,000 Greeks to the United States, many of whom were "picture brides" for single Greek men.
-*1926 Proposal for Mount Athos to be turned into a Casino by Dictator Pangalos.
+*1926 Proposal for Mount Athos to be turned into a Casino by Dictator [[Theodoros Pangalos]].
 *1928 The Ecumenical Patriarchate issued a tome by which it ceded to the Church of Greece on a temporary basis 35 of its metropolitan dioceses in northern Greece to be administered by it.
-*1930 Mustapha Kemal Atatürk officially renamed Constantinople to Istanbul, which comes from the Greek expression "eis tin poli" (to the City)  .
+*1930 Mustapha Kemal Atatürk officially renamed [[Constantinople]] to Istanbul, which comes from the Greek expression "eis tin poli" (to the City)  .
 *1931 Benaki Museum opens in Athens, housing Byzantine, Post-Byzantine, and Neo-Hellenic ecclesiastical and national art collections.
 *1932 Death of Papa-Nicholas (Planas).
 *1933 Church of Greece bans Freemasonry.
-*1935 Old Calendar schism, when three bishops declared their separation from the official Church of Greece stating that the calendar change was a schismatic act; Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, transformed Hagia Sophia into a museum.
+*1935 Old Calendar schism, when three [[bishop]]s declared [[Old Calendarists|their separation]] from the official Church of Greece stating that the calendar change was a schismatic act; Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, transformed [[Hagia Sophia]] into a museum.
 === Kingdom of Greece Restored (1935-1967) ===

@@ Line 506: / Line 506: @@
 *2007 Greek Minority Lyceum at the Phanar (''[[Great School of the Nation|Megali tou Genous Sxoli]]'' - today a middle and high school of the Greek minority) wins a judgement condemning Turkey at the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), for violation of the ''European Convention On Human Rights (protection of property)''; 1600th anniversary celebration of the repose of [[John Chrysostom]]; the "International Association of Genocide Scholars" passed the  ''[http://www.genocidescholars.org/images/Resolution_on_genocides_committed_by_the_Ottoman_Empire.pdf IAGS Resolution on Genocides Against Assyrians, Greeks, Armenians, and Other Christians by the Ottoman Empire 13 July 2007],'' affirming that the Ottoman campaign against Christian minorities between 1914-1923 was genocide.
 *2008 Death of Abp. [[Christodoulos|Christodoulos (Paraskevaides)]] of Athens, who proved to be one of the most popular archbishops in Greek history, reviving the appeal of the Church in a secular age, especially among young people; Abp. [[Ieronymus II|Ieronymos II (Liapis)]] of Athens elected; Glorification of [[George (Karslidis) of Drama]]; [http://www.ec-patr.org/docdisplay.php?lang=en&id=995&tla=en Pan-Orthodox meeting in Constantinople] in October of the Primates of the fourteen Orthodox Churches, signing a document calling for inter-orthodox unity and collaboration and "''the continuation of preparations for the Holy and Great Council''".
-*2009 The European Court on Human Rights (ECHR) ruled that Turkey violated the property rights of the ''Bozcaada Kimisis Teodoku Greek Orthodox Church'' on the Aegean island of Bozcaada; the [[Ecumenical Patriarchate]] has filed more than two dozen cases with the ECHR to recover some of the thousands of properties it has lost.
+*2009 The European Court on Human Rights (ECHR) ruled that Turkey violated the property rights of the ''Bozcaada Kimisis Teodoku Greek Orthodox Church'' on the Aegean island of Bozcaada; the [[Ecumenical Patriarchate]] has filed more than two dozen cases with the ECHR to recover some of the thousands of properties it has lost; US President Barack Obama made an explicit appeal in his speech to the Turkish Parliament for the reopening of the hotly contested Greek Orthodox seminary on Halki, viewed by the European Union and others as a test case for religious freedom in Turkey.
 == Notes ==

@@ Line 506: / Line 506: @@
 *2007 Greek Minority Lyceum at the Phanar (''[[Great School of the Nation|Megali tou Genous Sxoli]]'' - today a middle and high school of the Greek minority) wins a judgement condemning Turkey at the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), for violation of the ''European Convention On Human Rights (protection of property)''; 1600th anniversary celebration of the repose of [[John Chrysostom]]; the "International Association of Genocide Scholars" passed the  ''[http://www.genocidescholars.org/images/Resolution_on_genocides_committed_by_the_Ottoman_Empire.pdf IAGS Resolution on Genocides Against Assyrians, Greeks, Armenians, and Other Christians by the Ottoman Empire 13 July 2007],'' affirming that the Ottoman campaign against Christian minorities between 1914-1923 was genocide.
 *2008 Death of Abp. [[Christodoulos|Christodoulos (Paraskevaides)]] of Athens, who proved to be one of the most popular archbishops in Greek history, reviving the appeal of the Church in a secular age, especially among young people; Abp. [[Ieronymus II|Ieronymos II (Liapis)]] of Athens elected; Glorification of [[George (Karslidis) of Drama]]; [http://www.ec-patr.org/docdisplay.php?lang=en&id=995&tla=en Pan-Orthodox meeting in Constantinople] in October of the Primates of the fourteen Orthodox Churches, signing a document calling for inter-orthodox unity and collaboration and "''the continuation of preparations for the Holy and Great Council''".
 == Notes ==

@@ Line 247: / Line 247: @@
 *1068 '''By the time of the arrival of the first Seljuk Turks to Anatolia, the religious war between Byzantium and Islam had run a course of four centuries.'''
 *1071 Seljuk Turks defeat Byzantines at the [[Battle of Manzikert]], beginning Islamification of Asia Minor; Norman princes led by Robert Guiscard capture Bari, the last Byzantine stronghold in Italy, bringing to an end over five centuries of Byzantine rule in the south.
-*ca. 1071-1176 Byzantine epic poem [Digenis Akritas|"Digenes Akritas"] is written, set in the ninth and tenth centuries, inspired by the almost continuous state of warfare with the Arabs in eastern Asia Minor, presents a comprehensive picture of the intense frontier life of the Akrites, the border guards of the [[Byzantine Empire]].
+*ca. 1071-1176 Byzantine epic poem [[Digenis Akritas|"Digenes Akritas"]] is written, set in the ninth and tenth centuries, inspired by the almost continuous state of warfare with the Arabs in eastern Asia Minor, presents a comprehensive picture of the intense frontier life of the Akrites, the border guards of the [[Byzantine Empire]].
 *1073 Seljuk Turks conquer Ankara.
 *1077 Seljuks capture Nicea.

@@ Line 160: / Line 160: @@
 *669-78 First Arab siege of Constantinople; at Battle of Syllaeum Arab fleet destroyed by Byzantines through use of [[Greek fire|Greek Fire]], ending immediate Arab threat to eastern Europe.
 *680-681 [[Third Council of Constantinople|Sixth Ecumenical Council]] held in [[Constantinople]], condemning Monothelitism and affirming Christology of Maximus the Confessor, affirming that Christ has both a human will and a divine will; Patr. [[Sergius I of Constantinople|Sergius of Constantinople]] and Pope Honorius of Rome are both explicitly anathematized for their support of Monothelitism.
-*685 First monastics come to [[Mount Athos]]; emperor [[Justinian II]] is the first emperor to have the figure of the [[Lord]] [[Jesus Christ]] stamped on a coin.
+*685 First monastics come to [[Mount Athos]]; emperor [[Justinian II]] is the first emperor to have the figure of the Lord Jesus Christ stamped on a coin.
 *688 Emperor [[Justinian II]] and Caliph al-Malik sign treaty neutralizing [[Cyprus]].
 *692 The "Pentarchy" form of government of universal Christendom by five patriarchal sees received formal ecclesiastical sanction at the Council in Trullo, held in Constantinople, which ranked the five sees as ''Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch'', and ''Jerusalem'';

@@ Line 146: / Line 146: @@
 *626 Akathist Hymn to the Virgin Mary written, after Constantinople liberated from a siege of 80,000 Avars, Slavs and the Persian fleet.
 *627 Emperor Heraclius decisively defeats Sassanid Persians at Battle of Nineveh, recovering True Cross and breaking power of the Sassanid dynasty.
-*646 Alexandria recaptured by Muslim Arabs after a Byzantine attempt to retake Egypt fails, ending nearly ten centuries of Greco-Roman civilization in Egypt.
+*630 Second [[Elevation of the Holy Cross]], on [[March 21]], 630 AD, when Emperor Heraclius entered Jerusalem amidst great rejoicing, and together with Patriarch Zacharios (609-633), transferred the Cross of Christ with great solemnity into the temple of the Resurrection; it is the first and only time a Byzantine emperor set foot in the Holy Land.
 *648 Pope Theodore I of Rome excommunicates patriarch [[Paul II of Constantinople]].
 *649 Arabs invade and conquer Cyprus.
@@ Line 155: / Line 160: @@
 *669-78 First Arab siege of Constantinople; at Battle of Syllaeum Arab fleet destroyed by Byzantines through use of [[Greek fire|Greek Fire]], ending immediate Arab threat to eastern Europe.
 *680-681 [[Third Council of Constantinople|Sixth Ecumenical Council]] held in [[Constantinople]], condemning Monothelitism and affirming Christology of Maximus the Confessor, affirming that Christ has both a human will and a divine will; Patr. [[Sergius I of Constantinople|Sergius of Constantinople]] and Pope Honorius of Rome are both explicitly anathematized for their support of Monothelitism.
-*685 First monastics come to [[Mount Athos]];
+*685 First monastics come to [[Mount Athos]]; emperor [[Justinian II]] is the first emperor to have the figure of the [[Lord]] [[Jesus Christ]] stamped on a coin.
 *688 Emperor [[Justinian II]] and Caliph al-Malik sign treaty neutralizing [[Cyprus]].
 *692 The "Pentarchy" form of government of universal Christendom by five patriarchal sees received formal ecclesiastical sanction at the Council in Trullo, held in Constantinople, which ranked the five sees as ''Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch'', and ''Jerusalem'';

@@ Line 133: / Line 133: @@
 *575 The ''Chronographia (Χρονογραφία)'' of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Malalas John Malalas] in 18 books, chronicles the years from creation to 563 AD.
 *576 Dual hierarchy henceforth in Alexandria, [[Church of Alexandria|Chalcedonian (Greek)]] and [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Church_of_Alexandria_%28Coptic%29 Monophysite (Coptic)].
 *580 Serious invasion of Slavs migrating into the Balkans and Greece; last recorded persecution of pagans in [[Byzantine Empire]].
 *582 Persection of [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Monophysitism Monophysites] renewed under emperor [[Maurice (emperor)|Maurice]].

@@ Line 109: / Line 109: @@
 *ca. 500 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zosimus Zosimus], pagan Greek historian writes ''Historia Nova ("New History")'', a history of the Roman Empire to 410 AD, with an anti-Christian view offering a different interpretation to church affairs than from Christian sources; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudo-Dionysius_the_Areopagite Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite's] writing corpus including the ''Divine Names'', ''Mystical Theology'', ''Celestial Hierarchy'', and ''Ecclesiastical Hierarchy'' influences the development of Byzantine mystical spirituality and hesychasm through [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Maximus_the_Confessor Maximus the Confessor], [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Symeon_the_New_Theologian Symeon the New Theologian], and [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Gregory_Palamas Gregory Palamas].
 *502 Start of Byzantine-Sassanid wars, lasting until 562.
-*518 Patriarch John II of Constantinople is addressed as ''"Oikoumenikos Patriarches"'' (Ecumenical Patriarch); the Byzantine government begins persecution of non-Chacedonians in the east, especially in Mesopotamia.
+*518 Patriarch [[John of Constantinople|John II of Constantinople]] is addressed as ''"Oikoumenikos Patriarches"'' (Ecumenical Patriarch); the Byzantine government begins persecution of non-Chacedonians in the east, especially in Mesopotamia.
 *519 Eastern and Western churches reconciled with end of Acacian Schism.
 *520 [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Roman_the_Melodist Romanus the Melodist] the greatest hymnographer, develops the [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Kontakion Kontakion], a chanted verse sermon, to perfection; influenced by [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Ephrem_the_Syrian Ephrem the Syrian], he in turn influences [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Ephrem_the_Syrian Andrew of Crete].
@@ Line 118: / Line 118: @@
 *538 Emperor [[Justinian the Great]], via deportations and force, manages to get [http://orthodoxwiki.org/Pentarchy all five patriarchates] officially into communion.
 *ca. 540 Death of Osios [[David of Thessaloniki]].
-*543 Doctrine of apokatastasis condemned by Synod of Constantinople.
+*540 Bulgar raids into Illyricum and northern Greece.
 [[Image:ByzantineEmpire 550AD.JPG|right|thumb|220px|The Byzantine Empire during its greatest territorial extent under Justinian. ca.550.]]
 *553 [[Second Council of Constantinople|Fifth Ecumenical Council]] held in [[Constantinople]] in an attempt to reconcile Chalcedonians with non-Chalcedonians&mdash;the ''Three Chapters'' of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Theodoret of Cyrrhus, and Ibas of Edessa are condemned for their Nestorianism, and Origen and his writings are also condemned.
 *553 Ostrogoth kingdom in Italy conquered by the Byzantine Empire after the Battle of Mons Lactarius.
 *563 Re-consecration of [[Hagia Sophia]] in Constantinople after its dome is rebuilt.
 *565-78 The [[Cherubic Hymn]] (Cherubikon) was added to the [[Divine Liturgy]] by Emperor [[Justin II]].
-*580 Slavs begin to migrate into the Balkans and Greece.
+*566 Bp. Longinus sent from Constantinople to Nubia as missionary.
 *ca. 590 [[Parthenon]] in Athens converted into a Christian church dedicated to Agia Sophia.
 *586 St. [[Saint Demetrius|Demetrios of Thessaloniki]] saves Thessaloniki from Avar-Slav siege.
 *602 Final series of wars between Byzantine Empire and Sassanid Empire.