Difference between revisions of "Meletius Metaxakis"

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'''Meletius Metaxakis''' served as Ecumenical Patriarch of the Greek Orthodox Church from 1921-1923.
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'''Meletius Metaxakis''' served as Ecumenical Patriarch of the Greek Orthodox Church from 1922-1923.
  
 
His given name was ''''Emmanuel Metaxakis'''. He was born on [[September 21]], [[1871]] in the village of Parsas on the island of [[Crete]]. He entered the Seminary of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem in [[1889]]. He was tonsured with the name Meletius and ordained a hierodeacon in [[1892]]. He completed the theological courses at Holy Cross and was assigned as secretary to the Holy Synod in Jerusalem by Patriarch Damianos in [[1900]]. Meletius was evicted from the Holy Land by Patriarch Damianos, along with the then administrator Chrysostomos, later Archbishop of Athens in [[1908]] for "activity against the Holy Sepulcher."  Meletius Metaxakis was then elected Metropolitan of Kition in [[1910]]. In the years before the war Metropolitan Meletius began successful talks in New York with representatives of the Episcopal Church of America, with the intention of "expanding relations between the two Churches."
 
His given name was ''''Emmanuel Metaxakis'''. He was born on [[September 21]], [[1871]] in the village of Parsas on the island of [[Crete]]. He entered the Seminary of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem in [[1889]]. He was tonsured with the name Meletius and ordained a hierodeacon in [[1892]]. He completed the theological courses at Holy Cross and was assigned as secretary to the Holy Synod in Jerusalem by Patriarch Damianos in [[1900]]. Meletius was evicted from the Holy Land by Patriarch Damianos, along with the then administrator Chrysostomos, later Archbishop of Athens in [[1908]] for "activity against the Holy Sepulcher."  Meletius Metaxakis was then elected Metropolitan of Kition in [[1910]]. In the years before the war Metropolitan Meletius began successful talks in New York with representatives of the Episcopal Church of America, with the intention of "expanding relations between the two Churches."
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When Meletios was elected '''Ecumenical Patriarch Meletios IV''' in January, [[1922]], one of his first official decrees on March 1st of that year was to restore the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese to the Ecumenical Patriarchate. This was formalized on [[May 11]], [[1922]] when Patriarch Meletios declared the Church of America as an Archdiocese appointing the Rt. Rev. Alexander Titular Bishop of Rodostolon , as his Patriarchal Exarch.
 
When Meletios was elected '''Ecumenical Patriarch Meletios IV''' in January, [[1922]], one of his first official decrees on March 1st of that year was to restore the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese to the Ecumenical Patriarchate. This was formalized on [[May 11]], [[1922]] when Patriarch Meletios declared the Church of America as an Archdiocese appointing the Rt. Rev. Alexander Titular Bishop of Rodostolon , as his Patriarchal Exarch.
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Under pressure from Meletius, the Patriarchate of Constantinople accepted the validity of Anglican orders in 1922 — an act which even Rome protested against. Then, in [[1923]], Meletius initiated the "Pan-Orthodox" Congress (May 10–June 8). On June 1st, clergy and laymen dissatisfied with the innovating Patriarch held a meeting which ended in an attack on the [[Phanar]] with the goal of deposing Meletius and expelling him from [[Constantinople]]. On [[July 1]], [[1923]], on the pretext of illness and the need for medical treatment, Meletius left Constantinople. On [[September 20]], [[1923]], under pressure from the Greek government and through the intervention of Archbishop Chrysostomos of Athens, Meletius retired as Patriarch.
  
 
'''Meletius Metaxakis''' died on [[July 28]], [[1935]], and was buried in Cairo, Egypt.
 
'''Meletius Metaxakis''' died on [[July 28]], [[1935]], and was buried in Cairo, Egypt.
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{{succession box|title=[[Ecumenical Patriarch]]<br>1921-1923|before=[[Germanos V]]<br> 1913-1918|after= Gregory VII'''<br> 1923-1924}}
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[[Category:Ecumenical Patriarchs|Metaxakis,Meletios]]
 
[[Category:Ecumenical Patriarchs|Metaxakis,Meletios]]

Revision as of 16:36, November 27, 2005

Meletius Metaxakis served as Ecumenical Patriarch of the Greek Orthodox Church from 1922-1923.

His given name was 'Emmanuel Metaxakis. He was born on September 21, 1871 in the village of Parsas on the island of Crete. He entered the Seminary of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem in 1889. He was tonsured with the name Meletius and ordained a hierodeacon in 1892. He completed the theological courses at Holy Cross and was assigned as secretary to the Holy Synod in Jerusalem by Patriarch Damianos in 1900. Meletius was evicted from the Holy Land by Patriarch Damianos, along with the then administrator Chrysostomos, later Archbishop of Athens in 1908 for "activity against the Holy Sepulcher." Meletius Metaxakis was then elected Metropolitan of Kition in 1910. In the years before the war Metropolitan Meletius began successful talks in New York with representatives of the Episcopal Church of America, with the intention of "expanding relations between the two Churches."

After the death of Patriarch Joachim III on June 13, 1912, Meletius was nominated as a candidate for the Patriarchal Throne in Constantinople. However, the Holy Synod decided that Meletius could not canonically be registered as a candidate. With the support of his political allies and acquaintances he was uncanonically elevated to the position of Archbishop of Athens in 1918, but after the usual political changes he was deprived of his see. His place was taken, on December 10, 1920, by the rightful canonical candidate, Theocletos, who had previously been unjustly deposed as Archbishop. While Meletius was still Archbishop of Athens, he along with a group of like-minded persons visited England where he conducted talks concerning the union between the Anglicans and the Orthodox Church.

In February 1921 Meletius visited the United States. On December 17, 1921, the Greek Ambassador in Washington sent a message to the prefect at Thessaloniki stating that Meletius "vested, took part in an Anglican service, knelt in prayer with Anglicans, venerated their Holy Table, gave a sermon, and later blessed those present."

In effect, this was the first step towards the establishment of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America, which was incorporated in 1921, and officially recognized by the State of New York in 1922.

When Meletios was elected Ecumenical Patriarch Meletios IV in January, 1922, one of his first official decrees on March 1st of that year was to restore the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese to the Ecumenical Patriarchate. This was formalized on May 11, 1922 when Patriarch Meletios declared the Church of America as an Archdiocese appointing the Rt. Rev. Alexander Titular Bishop of Rodostolon , as his Patriarchal Exarch.

Under pressure from Meletius, the Patriarchate of Constantinople accepted the validity of Anglican orders in 1922 — an act which even Rome protested against. Then, in 1923, Meletius initiated the "Pan-Orthodox" Congress (May 10–June 8). On June 1st, clergy and laymen dissatisfied with the innovating Patriarch held a meeting which ended in an attack on the Phanar with the goal of deposing Meletius and expelling him from Constantinople. On July 1, 1923, on the pretext of illness and the need for medical treatment, Meletius left Constantinople. On September 20, 1923, under pressure from the Greek government and through the intervention of Archbishop Chrysostomos of Athens, Meletius retired as Patriarch.

Meletius Metaxakis died on July 28, 1935, and was buried in Cairo, Egypt.


Preceded by:
Germanos V
1913-1918
Ecumenical Patriarch
1921-1923

{{{years}}}
Succeeded by:
Gregory VII
1923-1924