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Salamis, Cyprus

5 bytes removed, 20:27, October 21, 2005
History
In [[450 BCEBC]] Salamis was the site of a [[Battle of Salamis (in Cyprus)|simultaneous land and sea battle]] between [[Athens]] and the Persians. (This is not to be confused with the earlier [[Battle of Salamis]] in [[480 BCEBC]] between the Greeks and the Persians at [[Salamis (Greece)|Salamis]] in [[Attica prefecture|Attica]].)
The most important ruler of the kingdom of Salamis was [[Evagoras]] (410–374 BCE), who became ruler of the whole island, and won its independence from the Persian Empire. Salamis was afterwards besieged and conquered by Artaxerxes III.
After [[Alexander the Great]] destroyed the Persian Empire, [[Ptolemy I of Egypt]] ruled the island of Cyprus. He forced the last king of Salamis, [[Nicocreon]], who had been the Ptolemaic governor of the island, to commit suicide in [[311 BCEBC]], because he did not trust him any more. Nicocreon is supposed to be buried in one of the big tumuli near [[Enkomi]]. Salamis remained seat of the governor.
In [[306 BCEBC]] Salamis was the site of a [[Battle of Salamis in Cyprus (306 BCEBC)|naval battle]] between the fleets of [[Demetrius I of Macedon]] and [[Ptolemy I of Egypt]]. Demetrius won the battle and captured the island.
In Roman times, Salamis was part of the Roman province of [[Cilicia]]. The seat of the governor was relocated to [[Paphos]]. The town suffered heavily during the Jewish rising of AD 116/117. Several earthquakes led to the destruction of Salamis at the beginning of the 4th century. The town was rebuilt under the name of Constantia by [[Constantine II]] (337-361 AD) and became Episcopal seat. The silting of the harbour led to a gradual decline of the town. Salamis was finally abandoned during the Arab invasions of the [[7th century]] AD after destructions by Muawija. The inhabitants moved to Arsinoë ([[Ammochostos]]).

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