Difference between pages "High jump" and "110m hurdles"

Latest revision as of 17:15, July 20, 2013

The 110m hurdles are an Olympic track and field athletics discipline run by men. For the race ten hurdles of 3 feet 6 inches in height are placed evenly spaced along a straight course of 110 meters. They are positioned so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner. Fallen hurdles don't count against runners, yet they have a significant pull-over weight which slows down the run. Like the 100 meter sprint, the 110m hurdles is started out of the blocks. In the early 20th century the race was often contested as 120 yard hurdles.

For the 110m hurdles, the first hurdle is placed after a run up of 13.72 meters from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 9.14 meters from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 14.02 meters long.

The Olympic Games have included the 110m hurdles in the program since 1896. The equivalent hurdles race for women was run over a course of 80 meters from 1932 through 1968. Starting with the 1972 Summer Olympics, the women's race was set at 100 meters.

The fastest 110m hurdlers run the distance in a time of around 13 seconds. The world record stands at 12.87 seconds (as of June 2008).

History

The 110m Hurdles have been an Olympic discipline since 1896. Women ran it occasionally in the 1920s but it never became generally accepted. From 1926 on women have only run the 80m Hurdles which was increased to 100 meters first starting in 1961 (on a trial basis) and in 1969 (in official competition).

In 1900 and 1904 the Olympics also included a 200m Hurdles race, and the IAAF recognized world records for the 200m Hurdles until 1960.

Most successful athletes

Two Olympic victories:
- Lee Calhoun (USA), 1956 and 1960
- Roger Kingdom (USA), 1984 and 1988
Four world championship titles:
- Allen Johnson (USA), 1995, 1997, 2001 and 2003 and Olympic Gold 1996
Three world championship titles:
- Greg Foster (USA), 1983, 1987 and 1991
Two world championship titles:
- Colin Jackson (GBR), 1993 and 1997 and Olympic Silver 1988

Progression of world records

Electronic timing

Time	Athlete	Nation	Date	Place
12.87 s	Dayron Robles	CUB	June 12, 2008	Ostrava
12.88 s	Liu Xiang	CHN	July 11, 2006	Lausanne
12.91 s	Liu Xiang	CHN	August 27, 2004	Athens
12.91 s	Colin Jackson	GBR	August 20, 1993	Stuttgart
12.92 s	Roger Kingdom	USA	August 16, 1989	Zurich
12.93 s	Renaldo Nehemiah	USA	August 19, 1981	Zurich
13.00 s	Renaldo Nehemiah	USA	May 6, 1979	Westwood
13.16 s	Renaldo Nehemiah	USA	April 14, 1979	San Jose
13.21 s	Alejandro Casanas	CUB	August 21, 1977	Sofia
13.24 s	Rodney Milburn	USA	September 2, 1972	Munich
13.33 s	Willie Davenport	USA	October 17, 1968	Mexico City
13.38 s	Ervin Hall	USA	October 17, 1968	Mexico City
13.43 s	Earl McCullouch	USA	June 16, 1967	Minneapolis
13.47 s	Willie Davenport	USA	June 26, 1966	New York City

The 110m hurdles in Greece

The Greek record in the 110m hurdles is held by Kostas Douvalidis (13.34) achieved in Athens on July 20, 2013.

Greek Athletes

References

Much of the content of this article comes from the equivalent German-language Wikipedia article (retrieved February 5, 2006).

For extensive Men's High Hurdles records, please see High Hurdle Stats

A portion of content for this article is credited to Wikipedia. Content under GNU Free Documentation License(GFDL)

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-The '''high jump''' is an [[athletics]] (track and field) event in which competitors must jump over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without aid of any devices.  It has been contested since the Olympic Games of ancient [[Greece]].  Over the centuries since, competitors have introduced increasingly more effective techniques to arrive at the current form. Javier Sotomayor is both the indoor and outdoor world record holder in this event with jumps of 2.43m (8 feet) and 2.45m (8 feet ½ inch), respectively.
+The '''110m hurdles''' are an [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] [[Athletics|track and field athletics]] discipline run by men.  For the race ten hurdles of 3 feet 6 inches in height are placed evenly spaced along a straight course of 110 meters.  They are positioned so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner.  Fallen hurdles don't count against runners, yet they have a significant pull-over weight which slows down the run. Like the 100 meter sprint, the 110m hurdles is started out of the blocks. In the early 20th century the race was often contested as 120 yard hurdles.
-Performed as early as the Olympics in ancient Greece, the first recorded high jump event took place in Scotland in the [[19th century]], with heights of up to (1.68 m) contested.  Early jumpers used either an elaborate straight-on approach or a ''scissors'' technique.  In the latter, the bar was approached diagonally, and the jumper threw first the inside leg and then the other over the bar in a scissoring motion.  Around the turn of the 20th century, techniques began to modernise, starting with the Irish-American M.F. Sweeney's ''Eastern cut-off''.  By taking off as if with the scissors, but extending his back and flattening out over the bar, the Sweeney achieved a more economic clearance and raised the world record to 6' 5⅝" (1.97 m) in [[1895]].
+For the 110m hurdles, the first hurdle is placed after a run up of 13.72 meters from the starting line.  The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 9.14 meters from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 14.02 meters long.
-Another American, M.F. Horine, developed an even more efficient technique, the 'Western roll'.  In this style, the bar again is approached on a diagonal, but the inner leg is used for the take-off, while the outer leg is thrust up to lead the body sideways over the bar.  Horine increased the world standard to 2.01 m in [[1912]].  His technique predominated through the Berlin Olympics of [[1936]], in which the event was won by Cornelius Johnson at 2.03 m (6' 8").
-American and Russian jumpers held the playing field for the next four decades, and they pioneered the evolution of the straddle technique.  Straddle jumpers took off as in the Western roll, but rotated their (belly-down) torso around the bar, obtaining the most economical clearance to date.  Straddle-jumper Charles Dumas broke the elusive 7' (2.13 m) barrier in [[1956]], and American wunderkind John Thomas pushed the world mark to 2.23 m (7' 3¾") in [[1960]]. Valeriy Brumel took over the event for the next four years.  The elegant Soviet jumper radically sped up his approach run, took the record up to 2.28 m (7' 5¾"), and won the Olympic gold medal in [[1964]], before a motorcycle accident ended his career.
+The [[Olympic Games]] have included the 110m hurdles in the program since [[1896 Summer Olympic Games|1896]].  The equivalent hurdles race for women was run over a course of 80 meters from [[1932]] through [[1968]]. Starting with the [[1972]] Summer Olympics, the women's race was set at [[100m hurdles|100 meters]].
-American coaches, including two-time NCAA champion Frank Costello of the University of Maryland, flocked to Russia to learn from Brumel and his coaches.  However it would be a solitary innovator at Oregon State University, Dick Fosbury, who would bring the high jump into the next century.  Taking advantage of the raised, softer landing areas by then in use, Fosbury added a new twist to the outmoded Eastern Cut-off.  He directed himself over the bar head and shoulders first sliding over on his back and landing in a fashion which would likely have broken his neck in the old sawdust landing pits.  After he used this Fosbury flop to win the [[1968]] Olympic gold medal, the technique began to spread around the world, and soon ''floppers'' were dominating international high jump competitions. The last straddler to set a world record was the late Vladimir Yashchenko, who cleared 2.33 m (7' 7¾") in [[1977]] and then 2.35 m (7' 8½") indoors in [[1978]].
-Among renowned high jumpers following Fosbury's lead were: Americans Dwight Stones and his rival, 5' 8" (1.73 m) Franklin Jacobs of Paterson, NJ, who cleared 2.32 m (7' 7¼"), an astounding two feet (0.59 m) over his head; Chinese record-setters Ni-chi Chin and Zhu Jianhua; Germans Gerd Wessig and Dietmar Mögenburg; Swedish Olympic medalist and world record holder Patrik Sjöberg; and female jumpers Iolanda Balaş of Romania, Ulrike Meyfarth of Germany and Italy's Sara Simeoni.
+The fastest 110m hurdlers run the distance in a time of around 13 seconds.  The world record stands at 12.87 seconds (as of June 2008).
-==Procedures and rules==
+==History==
-In a competition, the bar is initially set at a relatively low height, and is moved upward in set increments (usually 3 or 5 centimetres, approximately 2 inches, but can be as little as 1 cm for record attempts). Each competitor has the option of choosing at which height they wish to start, as long as the height is greater or equal to the designated starting height for that competition.  The starting height is usually determined by the games committee for the competition.
+The 110m Hurdles have been an Olympic discipline since [[1896]].  Women ran it occasionally in the [[1920s]] but it never became generally accepted.  From [[1926]] on women have only run the 80m Hurdles which was increased to 100 meters first starting in [[1961]] (on a trial basis) and in [[1969]] (in official competition).
-Once a competitor has elected to begin, they receive three attempts at each height and once they clear a height, they are cleared until the next height.  Competitors can choose whether or not to attempt subsequent heights.  A competitor may choose to ''pass'' at a given height or, after failing to clear the bar at a given height, may "pass" on subsequent attempts at that height.  Any competitor who records three consecutive misses is out of the competition. The competitor who clears the highest jump is declared the winner. If two or more competitors clear the same maximum height, the competitor with the least number of failed attempts at the best height cleared wins. If these are equal, the winner is the person who has had the least number of failures overall during the competition. If that fails to break a tie for first place, a ''jump off'' is conducted.
+In [[1900]] and [[1904]] the Olympics also included a 200m Hurdles race, and the IAAF recognized world records for the 200m Hurdles until [[1960]].
-In a jump off, competitors are given one additional attempt at the last height attempted.  If one of the competitors clears the height, they are considered the winner.  If both competitors clear the height, the bar is moved up by 2 cm and the process is completed.  If both competitors fail the height the bar is moved back down 2 cm.  This process is repeated until one competitor clears a height and the other fails.  If the final height of the jump off is less than the highest height cleared during regular competition, the highest height cleared during the competition will be recorded for the results.  Heights obtained in such a jump off are eligible for records.
-The modern high jump bar is made of glass-reinforced plastic or aluminium. Other materials are allowed, but there are weight and sag restrictions. The bar is approximately 4 metres in length (IAAF rules control length for record purposes), with a round, triangular, or square cross-section for most of its length, and two square resting points at each end. It is placed at a measured height on two ''uprights'', or standards, which allow the bar to rest on its ends at a measured height. Cleared heights are reported by measuring from the take-off level to the top edge of the lowest part of the bar. Directly behind the bar is a soft foam mat that allows for a safe landing. Competitors must jump off one foot to clear the bar. Although they may touch the bar in their clearance, the jump is ruled unsuccessful if the bar falls.  In rare instances competitors have been allowed to retry an attempt where the bar has fallen.  This may occur if the official declares that the bar fell due to external circumstances such as wind, rain or faulty equipment.
+==Most successful athletes==
+*Two Olympic victories:
+**Lee Calhoun (USA), [[1956]] and [[1960]]
+**Roger Kingdom (USA), [[1984]] and [[1988]]
+*Four world championship titles:
+**Allen Johnson (USA), [[1995]], [[1997]], [[2001]] and [[2003]] and Olympic Gold [[1996]]
+*Three world championship titles:
+**Greg Foster (USA), [[1983]], [[1987]] and [[1991]]
+*Two world championship titles:
+**Colin Jackson (GBR), [[1993]] and [[1997]] and Olympic Silver [[1988]]
-==Top performers==
+== Progression of world records ==
-''as of 11 May 2007''
+===Electronic timing===
-===Men (outdoor)===
 {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
 |- bgcolor=#efefef
-!Mark!!Athlete!!Nationality!!Venue!!Date
+!Time!!Athlete!!Nation!!Date!!Place
+|- valign="top"
+|12.87 s || Dayron Robles || CUB || [[June 12]], [[2008]] || Ostrava
 |-
-| 2.45 || Javier Sotomayor || CUB || Salamanca || July 23, 1993
+|12.88 s || Liu Xiang || CHN || [[July 11]], [[2006]] || Lausanne
 |-
-| 2.42 || Patrik Sjöberg || SWE || Stockholm || June 30, 1987
+|12.91 s || Liu Xiang || CHN || [[August 27]], [[2004]] || [[Athens]]
 |-
-| 2.41 || Igor Paklin || URS / KGZ || Kobe || September 4, 1985
+|12.91 s || Colin Jackson || GBR || [[August 20]], [[1993]] || Stuttgart
 |-
-| 2.40 || Rudolf Povarnitsyn || URS / UKR || Donetsk || August 11, 1985
+|12.92 s || Roger Kingdom || USA || [[August 16]], [[1989]] || Zurich
 |-
-| 2.40 || Sorin Matei || ROU || Bratislava || June 20, 1990
+|12.93 s || Renaldo Nehemiah || USA || [[August 19]], [[1981]] || Zurich
 |-
-| 2.40 || Charles Austin || USA || Zurich || August 7, 1991
+|13.00 s || Renaldo Nehemiah || USA || [[May 6]], [[1979]] || Westwood
 |-
-| 2.40 || Vyacheslav Voronin || RUS || London || August 5, 2000
+|13.16 s || Renaldo Nehemiah || USA || [[April 14]], [[1979]] || San Jose
 |-
-| 2.39 || Jianhua Zhu || CHN || Eberstadt || June 10, 1984
+|13.21 s || Alejandro Casanas || CUB || [[August 21]], [[1977]] || Sofia
 |-
-| 2.39 || Hollis Conway || USA || Norman || July 30, 1989
+|13.24 s || Rodney Milburn || USA || [[September 2]], [[1972]] || Munich
-|-
-|}
-===Women (outdoor)===
-{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
-|- bgcolor=#efefef
-!Mark!!Athlete!!Nationality!!Venue!!Date
 |-
-| 2.09 || Stefka Kostadinova || BUL || Rome || August 30, 1987
+|13.33 s || Willie Davenport || USA || [[October 17]], [[1968]] || Mexico City
 |-
-| 2.07 || Lyudmila Andonova || BUL || Berlin || July 20, 1984
+|13.38 s || Ervin Hall || USA || [[October 17]], [[1968]] || Mexico City
 |-
-| 2.06 || Kajsa Bergqvist || SWE || Eberstadt || July 26, 2003
+|13.43 s || Earl McCullouch || USA || [[June 16]], [[1967]] || Minneapolis
 |-
-| 2.06 || Hestrie Cloete || RSA || Paris || August 31, 2003
+|13.47 s || Willie Davenport || USA|| [[June 26]], [[1966]]|| New York City
-|-
+|}
-| 2.06 || Yelena Slesarenko || RUS || [[Athens]] || August 28, 2004
-|-
-| 2.05 || Tamara Bykova || URS / RUS  || Kiev || June 22, 1984
-|-
-| 2.05 || Heike Henkel || GER || Tokyo || August 31, 1991
-|-
-| 2.05 || Inha Babakova || URS / UKR || Tokyo || September 15, 1995
-|-
+== The 110m hurdles in Greece ==
-| 2.04 || Silvia Costa || CUB || Barcelona || September 9, 1989
+The Greek record in the 110m hurdles is held by [[Kostas Douvalidis]] (13.34) achieved in [[Athens]] on [[July 20]], [[2013]].
-|-
-| 2.04 || Venelina Veneva || BUL || [[Kalamata]] || June 2, 2001
-|-
-| 2.04 || Blanka Vlašić || CRO  || Doha || May 11, 2007
-|}
-== The high jump in Greece ==
+===Greek Athletes===
-The Greek record in the high jump is held:
-* For the men by [[Lambros Papakostas]] at 2.36m, achieved in [[Athens]] on [[June 21]], [[1992]].
-* For the women by [[Niki Bakoyianni]] at 2.03m, achieved in Atlanta, GA, USA on [[August 3]], [[1996]].
-===Male athletes===
 *[[Alexandros Touferis]]
+*[[Yiannis Talianos]]
-==External links==
+*[[Angelos Lambrou]]
-*[http://jumphigherguide.com Jumping Guide]
+*[[Christos Mantikas]]
-*[http://www.todd.acheson.com High Jump Resource Center]
+*[[Yiannis Kampadellis]]
-*[http://how-to-jump-higher.weebly.com Jump Higher]
+*[[Giorgos Marsellos]]
+*[[Thanasis Lazaridis]]
+*[[Stratos Vasiliou]]
+*[[Stelios Bisbas]]
+*[[Dimitris Siatounis]]
+*[[Stamatis Magos]]
+*[[Dimitris Pietris]]
+*[[Alexandros Theofanov]]
+*[[Kostas Douvalidis]]
 ==References==
+Much of the content of this article comes from the equivalent German-language Wikipedia article (retrieved [[February 5]], [[2006]]).
-* ''The Complete Book of Track and Field'', by Tom McNab
+For extensive Men's High Hurdles records, please see [http://www.hh110stats.org/ High Hurdle Stats]
-* ''The World Almanac and Book of Facts, 2000''
-*[http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=O/ageGroup=N/season=0/gender=M/discipline=HJ/legal=A/index.html All-time list, men outdoor] (IAAF)
-*[http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=O/ageGroup=N/season=0/gender=W/discipline=HJ/legal=A/index.html All-time list, women outdoor] (IAAF)
-*[http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=I/ageGroup=N/season=0/gender=M/discipline=HJ/legal=A/index.html All-time list, men indoor] (IAAF)
-*[http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=I/ageGroup=N/season=0/gender=W/discipline=HJ/legal=A/index.html All-time list, women indoor] (IAAF)
-<br>
 {{Credit wikipedia}}
 [[Category:Events in athletics]]